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question		réponse
Expiry date (on credit card, food), best before date (on food) commencer à apprendre		the date on which something comes to an end, can no longer be used, or is no longer safe to be eaten
Conservative (figure, estimate) commencer à apprendre		A bit less then it is in fact
Viable (baby, project, business) commencer à apprendre		Able to live, survive
Wipe off (the value of the shares) commencer à apprendre		To reduce the value
Kickback (to give kickbacks to someone) commencer à apprendre		Bribery
tarmac commencer à apprendre		Pavement; asfalt
To be stranded on smth commencer à apprendre		To be left by somebody without possibility of leaving
To weather (the crisis) commencer à apprendre		To handle and survive
To revert to smth commencer à apprendre		To go back, return
advertising commencer à apprendre		field that you can work in or study
Advertisement = advert = ad commencer à apprendre		Particular example of something being advertised
flyer commencer à apprendre		A printed advertisement intended for wide distribution; ulotka
freebies commencer à apprendre		something that is given for free
Guerrilla marketing commencer à apprendre		Unusual type of advertising, often trying to spend as little money as possible
astroturfing commencer à apprendre		Kind of activity that pretends to be grassroots movement
turf commencer à apprendre		Grass on which football is played; murawa
To nurture commencer à apprendre		the care and attention given to someone or something that is growing or developing
To issue a press release commencer à apprendre		To send official statement to media
To hold a meeting, conference commencer à apprendre		To organize
An aisle (in shop, church, on airplane) commencer à apprendre		A passage
Physical handling commencer à apprendre		Move from place to place
To fulfill an order commencer à apprendre		To process an order successfully
expat commencer à apprendre		Somebody who leaves their country, they stay in another country but (hopefully) not forever
To hamper commencer à apprendre		To slow down, to disturb, to be an obstacle (to hamper development/ grow/ progress) Hampering (adj.)
constraint commencer à apprendre		Limitation (ograniczenie)
To boast a... commencer à apprendre		to talk too proudly about your abilities, achievements, or possessions; (The city boasts two excellent museums) (Pochwalić się czymś)
Controlling stake commencer à apprendre		a quantity of shares in a business that is sufficient to ensure control over its direction (Pakiet kontrolny)
Raise money commencer à apprendre		collect money that you can use to do a particular job or help people
authorities commencer à apprendre		the people or organizations that are in charge of a particular country or area
To take sth/sb for granted commencer à apprendre		Treat sb/sth as obvious
To impose restrictions commencer à apprendre		if someone in authority imposes a rule, punishment, tax etc, they force people to accept it
To curb spending/ inflation commencer à apprendre		To limit them
Tough measures commencer à apprendre		Hard measures
Fizzy drinks commencer à apprendre		Sodas, carbonated drinks
To stoke (a debate/a fire) commencer à apprendre		To put more wood to make fire bigger
To nag sb to death commencer à apprendre		To pester sb = to continue aasking (a nagging wife)
The latest fad commencer à apprendre		Short-life fashion
To whine commencer à apprendre		Making a sound and bagging
To lure sb commencer à apprendre		To temp, to attract
backfire commencer à apprendre		Opposite effect
To plough back commencer à apprendre		To reinvest
To get around commencer à apprendre		To try to avoid
gullible commencer à apprendre		Naive (kid)
To bring up children commencer à apprendre		To raise them
To shield commencer à apprendre		To protect
downbeat writers commencer à apprendre		gloomy, depressing writers
on average commencer à apprendre		on
to track happiness/trend commencer à apprendre		to follow
to buck the trend commencer à apprendre		to behave the opposite, like a rebel
data on happiness commencer à apprendre		on
differences emerge commencer à apprendre		they appear, come out
singular - crisis; plural - crises commencer à apprendre		crisis
glum / glummer / glummest commencer à apprendre		if someone is glum, they feel unhappy and do not talk a lot
by the same token commencer à apprendre		for the same reasons - used when you want to say that something else is also true, especially something very different or surprising
hence commencer à apprendre		therefore, for this reason
city-dwellers commencer à apprendre		ppl living in a city
a telltale sign commencer à apprendre		disclosing sign that clearly shows something has happened or exists, often something that is a secret
peer commencer à apprendre		Somebody in the same position, situation
Coined by commencer à apprendre		Ukuty przez
A chatterbox commencer à apprendre		A person who talks much
A recluse commencer à apprendre		An introvert
Weary of commencer à apprendre		Tired of
Loan sharking commencer à apprendre		Lending money at a high interest rate
Mutual funds / Unit trusts commencer à apprendre		Fundusze inwestycyjne
Return on investment commencer à apprendre		Zwrot z inwestycji
Time to maturity commencer à apprendre		Okres zapadalności
Time horizon commencer à apprendre		Horyzont czasowy
securities commencer à apprendre		papiery wartościowe
stocks / equities commencer à apprendre		akcje
share commencer à apprendre		akcja (mała ilość)
stake commencer à apprendre		akcje (duża ilość)
to trade in stocks commencer à apprendre		handlować akcjami
indices / indexes commencer à apprendre		plural of index
to issue commencer à apprendre		emitować
principal commencer à apprendre		capital
maturity commencer à apprendre		termin zapadalności
coupon commencer à apprendre		interest from bonds
investment grade commencer à apprendre		indicator of risk
junk bonds commencer à apprendre		obligacje śmieciowe
high yield bonds commencer à apprendre		obligacje dużego zwrotu
hedge commencer à apprendre		protect investment from risk
a hedge fund commencer à apprendre		fundusz hedgingowy (mostly invest in derivatives)
crude oil commencer à apprendre		ropa
commodity market commencer à apprendre		giełda towarowa
float commencer à apprendre		first issue of shares / bonds
blue chip commencer à apprendre		strong, secure company
insider commencer à apprendre		person within company having access to nonpublic information
zero coupon bond commencer à apprendre		bond sold below par
rights issue commencer à apprendre		prawo poboru
prospectus commencer à apprendre		explains what a company does
volatility commencer à apprendre		Frequent changes/ increases and decreases in price
a porch commencer à apprendre		a covered area built onto the entrance to a house
dodgy (eg. debts) commencer à apprendre		bad, or not able to be trusted
to enhance commencer à apprendre		to improve something
meltdown commencer à apprendre		a situation of complete failure and no control
implausible commencer à apprendre		difficult to believe, or unlikely
fuzzy commencer à apprendre		confused and not clear
in a nutshell commencer à apprendre		something that you say when you are describing something using as few words as possible
to bundle sth up commencer à apprendre		to tie a number of things together
IOU commencer à apprendre		I owe you: a piece of paper saying that you will pay back money you owe
big-time commencer à apprendre		the state of being famous or successful
Under the pretext commencer à apprendre		Under a false reason that you use to explain why you are doing something
To grind to a halt commencer à apprendre		to stop or no longer work well
reverberation commencer à apprendre		a sound that lasts for a long time and makes things seem to shake / effects that spread and affect a lot of people
To default on (e. g mortgage, loan) commencer à apprendre		fail to pay up
Odds commencer à apprendre		the probability that something will happen
Self attribution bias commencer à apprendre		Self-attribution bias occurs when people attribute successful outcomes to their own skill but blame unsuccessful outcomes on bad luck
decoy effect commencer à apprendre		efekt wabika
line of defence commencer à apprendre		linia obrony
allegations commencer à apprendre		zarzuty
To comply with commencer à apprendre		Postępować zgodne z
tax haven commencer à apprendre		raj podatkowy
money laundering commencer à apprendre		pranie brudnych pieniędzy
dodge sanctions commencer à apprendre		unikać sankcji
stepping down commencer à apprendre		Ustąpienie (ze stanowiska)
tax avoidance commencer à apprendre		unikanie podatku
preliminary investigation commencer à apprendre		wstępne śledztwo
tax office commencer à apprendre		fiskus
beyond reproach commencer à apprendre		bez zarzutu
to rip sb off commencer à apprendre		to charge too much money
buffer against market volatility commencer à apprendre		something that helps protect someone from market volatility
to take a stance on sth commencer à apprendre		to have an opinion or belief about something
to reckon commencer à apprendre		to think
to put all eggs in one basket commencer à apprendre		to make everything dependent on only one thing
to put money in bricks and mortar commencer à apprendre		pertaining to conventional stores, businesses, etc., having physical buildings and facilities, as opposed to Internet or remote services
surefire commencer à apprendre		certain or likely, especially to succeed
to sign off (on) the accounts commencer à apprendre		to officially approve of something or to officially agree that something has been completed in a satisfactory way
retained profit commencer à apprendre		zyski zatrzymane
current assets commencer à apprendre		aktywa obrotowe
fixed assets commencer à apprendre		aktywa trwałe
working capital commencer à apprendre		kapitał obrotowy
bad debts commencer à apprendre		debts which are not likely to be paid
work-in-progress commencer à apprendre		produkcja w toku
factoring commencer à apprendre		selling a debt with a discount
depreciation commencer à apprendre		loss in value of a tangible asset (eg a vehicle)
amortization commencer à apprendre		loss in value of an intangible asset (eg the purchase of a licence or trademark)
accounts receivable commencer à apprendre		the amount owed to the business by customers
accounts payable commencer à apprendre		money owed to suppliers
accrued items commencer à apprendre		items, where an expense has been incurred, but the money is not paid yet
provisions commencer à apprendre		amounts set aside for anticipated one-time payments that are not part of regular operations (for example a lawsuit)
redundancy payments commencer à apprendre		money that a company pays to workers who have lost their jobs because they are no longer needed
invoice commencer à apprendre		faktura
receipt commencer à apprendre		paragon
payroll record commencer à apprendre		lista płac
entry commencer à apprendre		zapis
journal commencer à apprendre		a record of financial transactions in order by date
ledger commencer à apprendre		a book in which things are regularly recorded, especially business activities and money received or paid
balance sheet commencer à apprendre		a document that shows what a company has earned and what it has spent
liabilities commencer à apprendre		zobowiązania
income statement (profit and loss account) commencer à apprendre		a document that shows a company's profit or loss in a particular period of time
cash flow statement (source and applications of funds) commencer à apprendre		a document that shows the money coming into and going out of a company during a particular period
operating expenses commencer à apprendre		all the costs relating to producing a company's goods and services
freehold property commencer à apprendre		any estate which is "free from hold" of any entity besides the owner
to resort to sth commencer à apprendre		to do something that you do not want to do because you cannot find any other way of achieving something
inventory commencer à apprendre		value of raw materials and stock
fixtures commencer à apprendre		part of a building that cannot be moved, such as lights
intangible assets commencer à apprendre		something valuable that a company has that is not material, such as a good reputation or trademark
principal commencer à apprendre		amount raised by issuing the bonds

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