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question		réponse
22. What are constituents and how do we recognize them? commencer à apprendre		A constituent is a word or a group of words that functions as a single unit within a hierarchical structure
To recognize constituents we should use constituency test. There are numerous constituency tests applied to English sentences commencer à apprendre		To recognize constituents we should use constituency test. There are numerous constituency tests applied to English sentences
• replacement by a single word => if a string of words in the sentence can be substituted with a single word (e.g. a pronoun), it is a constituent of the sentence commencer à apprendre		• omission => if we can omit a string of words from the sentence and this does not affect the grammaticality of the sentence, this string is a constituent
(attention! There are some constituents that cannot be removed from the sentence e.g. subject) • question test => answers to “WH” questions (who, which, what, why, where, when, whose, how) are constituents commencer à apprendre		• movement => if a string of words can be moved and such an action results in a grammatically correct structure, the sequence is a constituent.

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