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question		réponse
cigarette butt noun [C ] B2 informal (UK also cigarette end) • synonyms: stub, filter tip, discarded cigarette • flick/discard/stub out cigarette butt; smoldering/burnt/used butt • freq in AmE: 6/10 He flicked the cigarette butt onto the sidewalk. commencer à apprendre		niedopałek papierosa the small remaining part of a cigarette after it has been smoked; typically discarded and considered litter Rzucił niedopałek na chodnik.
contraption noun [C ] B2 • synonyms: device, gadget, invention • patterns: build/invent/use a contraption; fix/tinker with a contraption • collocations: strange/noisy/clever contraption; homemade/mechanical contraption • freq in AmE: 5/10 What is that noisy contraption in the corner? commencer à apprendre		urządzenie, wynalazek, ustrojstwo a device or machine that looks strange or complicated, often improvised or oddly constructed; sometimes used humorously or critically Co to za hałaśliwe ustrojstwo w rogu?
cues noun [plural ] B2 • synonyms: signals, prompts, indicators, triggers • emotional/social/visual cues; behavioral cues in therapy/acting/learning • freq in AmE: 7/10 Actors rely on visual and auditory cues to time their lines. commencer à apprendre		sygnały, wskazówki, bodźce kierujące uwagą lub zachowaniem signals, prompts, or subtle indicators that guide behavior, attention, or interpretation; can be verbal, nonverbal, environmental, or emotional — often used in psychology, acting, communication, and learning Aktorzy polegają na sygnałach wizualnych i dźwiękowych, by wejść w odpowiednim momencie.
candy bar noun [C ] B2 • synonyms: chocolate bar, snack bar • grab/eat/buy a candy bar; vending machine/emergency/snack; caramel/nougat/nuts inside; candy bar vs chocolate bar (BrE) • freq in AmE: 9/10 He grabbed a candy bar from the vending machine. \| 2. She always keeps a candy bar in her bag for emergencies. commencer à apprendre		czekoladowy batonik a sweet snack made of chocolate, often with added ingredients like caramel, nuts, nougat, or wafers, typically sold in a rectangular, portable form Sięgnął po batonik z automatu. \| 2. Zawsze nosi batonik w torebce na wszelki wypadek.
without cause collocation with cause noun [C or U ] B2 He argues that his clients were dismissed without cause, in violation of their employment contracts. \| 2. He believes that the attack was launched without good cause. commencer à apprendre		bez powodu for no reason Twierdzi, że jego klienci zostali zwolnieni bez podania przyczyny, z naruszeniem ich umów o pracę. \| 2. Uważa, że atak został przeprowadzony bez powodu.
coastline noun [C ] B2 • synonyms: shore, coastal edge • rugged/scenic/pristine coastline; protect/erode/explore coastline; coastline curves/stretches/disappears; coastline and climate/tourism/erosion • freq in AmE: 6/10 California’s rugged coastline attracts millions of tourists each year. \| 2. He lived in a small town by the coastline. commencer à apprendre		linia brzegowa, wybrzeże the outline or shape of a coast, especially seen from above or described as a continuous boundary between land and sea Skaliste wybrzeże Kalifornii przyciąga miliony turystów rocznie. \| 2. On mieszał w małym miasteczku na wybrzeżu.
hug the coastline / hug the coast collocation with coastline noun [C ] B2 • synonyms: trace/skirt/follow the coast • road/train/boat hugs the coastline; scenic route hugs the coast; hugging the coast to avoid storms • freq in AmE: 4/10 The highway hugged the coastline, offering breathtaking ocean views. commencer à apprendre		trzymać się wybrzeża, podążać wzdłuż wybrzeża to follow the shape of the coast closely, especially when describing movement (e.g. of a road, vehicle, or route) that stays near the shore Autostrada biegła wzdłuż wybrzeża, oferując zapierające dech widoki.
scenic coastline collocation with coastline noun [C ] B2 • synonyms: picturesque coast, beautiful shoreline • scenic coastline attracts/defines/stretches; explore/photograph/protect scenic coastline; scenic coastline of Oregon/Amalfi • freq in AmE: 5/10 The scenic coastline of Big Sur is one of California’s most iconic drives. commencer à apprendre		malownicze wybrzeże, malownicza linia brzegowa a stretch of coast that is visually attractive, often featuring dramatic landscapes, cliffs, beaches, or natural beauty that appeals to tourists or inspires admiration Malownicze wybrzeże Big Sur jest jedną z najbardziej charakterystycznych tras w Kalifornii.
grave concern concern noun [C or U ] B2 formal • grave concern over/about/regarding; express/voice/raise grave concern; grave concern among experts/public; grave concern for safety/human rights/environment The UN expressed grave concern over the escalating violence. commencer à apprendre		poważne zmartwienie, głębokie obawy ↪ a serious and urgent feeling of worry or apprehension, often expressed in response to a threat, injustice, or critical situation — typically used in official, diplomatic, or journalistic contexts ONZ wyraziła poważne zaniepokojenie eskalacją przemocy.
context noun [C or U] B2 • synonyms: background, setting, framework • the wider/broader context of something; in/within the context of something; in/out of context • in historical/cultural/emotional/social context; provide a context to examine the wider/broader context of the war \| 2. You can often guess the meaning of a word from its context. \| 3. The reporter took my remarks completely out of context. commencer à apprendre		kontekst, tło, okoliczności the situation, background, or circumstances in which something happens or is understood; also, the surrounding text that helps clarify meaning zbadać szerszy kontekst wojny \| 2. Często możesz odgadnąć znaczenie słowa z jego kontekstu. \| 3. Reporter całkowicie wyrwał moje słowa z kontekstu.
in the context of something collocation with context noun [C or U] B2 • synonyms: within the framework of, amid, in relation to • in the context of history/law/politics; in the context of recent events/crisis; interpret/justify/understand in the context of something The comment should be understood in the context of the broader debate. \| 2. This metaphor gains power in the context of the poem’s emotional arc. commencer à apprendre		w kontekście czegoś considered within the framework, background, or circumstances of a particular situation, event, or set of ideas Komentarz ten należy rozumieć w kontekście szerszej debaty. \| 2. Ta metafora zyskuje na sile w kontekście emocjonalnego przebiegu wiersza.
out of context collocation with context noun [C or U] B2 • synonyms: misquoted, distorted • take/quote//present something out of context • remarks/statements taken out of context; completely/deliberately out of context; defend/clarify something taken out of context Her remarks were taken out of context and sparked outrage. \| 2. She stood by her husband and insisted that his remarks had been taken out of context. \| 3. Let me explain what I said — it was completely out of context. commencer à apprendre		wyrwany z kontekstu, wyjęty z kontekstu without the surrounding circumstances or background that clarify meaning; often leading to misunderstanding or misrepresentation Jej wypowiedź została wyrwana z kontekstu i wywołała oburzenie. \| 2. Stała po stronie męża i twierdziła, że jego słowa zostały wyrwane z kontekstu. \| 3. Pozwól, że wyjaśnię — to było całkowicie wyrwane z kontekstu.
raise concerns collocation C1 with noun concern [C or U ] B2 • ↪ synonyms: express doubts, flag issues • raise concerns about/over/that; raise ethical/public/financial concerns; experts/citizens raise concerns; concerns raised in reports/media Experts raised concerns about the safety of the new drug. \| 2. One can observe rising concern about animal rights. commencer à apprendre		budzić obawy, wyrażać obawy, zgłaszać wątpliwości ↪ (WORRY) to express worry, doubt or unease about a situation, decision or development; often used to signal potential problems or risks Eksperci wyrazili obawy dotyczące bezpieczeństwa nowego leku. \| 2. Można zauważyć rosnącą troskę o prawa zwierząt.

Upper-Intermediate English (2) • NOUNS • 'C'

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