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question		réponse
etymology commencer à apprendre		studies the origin and development of words
neologism commencer à apprendre		new word that enters the language
coinage commencer à apprendre		invention of a completely new word (aspirin, nylon, zipper, teflon)
eponyms commencer à apprendre		a word built from the name of a person/place (sandwich, jeans, volt)
borrowing commencer à apprendre		taking words from another language (auto, weekend, pretzel)
loan translation(calque) commencer à apprendre		directly translated words (sky-scraper)
compounding commencer à apprendre		putting 2 words together (doorknob, bookcase)
blending commencer à apprendre		taking parts of the words and combining them (smoke+fog=smog, breakfast+lunch=brunch)
clipping commencer à apprendre		reducing words to a single sylab (gasoline=gas)
hypocorism commencer à apprendre		making a softer version of a word by adding -y or -ie (Liz, Lizzy)
backformation commencer à apprendre		making a new word by removing the ending of a word (babysitter=babysit)
conversion (functional shift) commencer à apprendre		a word changes it's grammatical category without changing it's form did you butter the toast
acronyms commencer à apprendre		words formed from the initial first letters of words (CD, NASA)
derivation commencer à apprendre		adding small meaningful elements to words. 1. prefixes, 2. infixes, 3. suffixes
multiple processes commencer à apprendre		a word comes from multiple Word formation processes (snow, snowball, snowballing)

origin of words