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an economy which allows materials and products to feed back into the system
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a circular economy
the process by which the goods a company produces are destroyed or disposed of
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disposing of products
a policy of producing consumer goods that rapidly become obsolete
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planned obsolescence
starzenie się
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obsolescence
planning or thinking about the future in a positive way
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forward - thinking
uratować, ocalić
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salvage
supply or put smth back into a process or situation where it was used before
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feed back into
modułowy, consisting of seperate parts which can be put together to form smth
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modular
od samego początku
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from the outset
towar
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commodity
strumień odpadów
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waste stream
przyjąć nowy pomysł
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embrace a new idea
zakłady recyklingu
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recycling plants
important, special and interesting part of the product
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features
advantage that customer gets if they buy product
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benefits
smth that makes a product special
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USP (Unique Selling Point)
linia produktów, a group of related products marketed under a single brand name by the same company
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product line
asortyment produktów, company’s assortment of product lines
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product mix/product portfolio(product range)
introduction, growth, maturity and decline
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product life cycle
Szybko zbywalne towary konsumpcyjne
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fast-moving consumer goods
markowe produkty
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branded products
produkt niemarkowy
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generic products
produkty własnej marki
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own-brand products
produkty własnej marki (AmE)
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own-label products (AmE)
profitability- MARKET SKIMMING
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setting high prices to maximize revenue and minimize costs
market share - MARKET PENETRATION
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setting low prices to increase a percentage of the market share
prestige/premium pricing
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setting high prices to maintain an image of exclusivity
selling product at a price non profitable
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loss leader pricing
ceny niezaokrąglone
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odd prices
it tricks customers into thinking they made a good deal
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charm pricing
business presents customers several different prices to make them buy particular product
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decoy prices
kanał dystrybucji – pośrednicy
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distribution channel- intermediets
marketing bezpośredni – bez pośredników i zbytu
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direct marketing - no intermediaries or outlets
marketing partyzancki(programy lojalnościowe)
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guerrilla marketing
lokowanie produktu (reklama w filmie)
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product placement
reklama przez znaną osobę
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product endorsement
zakres produktów
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product range
zróżnicowanie produktu
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product differentation
pretendent do marki
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brand challenger
świadomość marki
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brand awareness
rozciąganie marki na inne produkty
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brand stretching
product pricing strategy by which a firm charges the highest initial price that customers will pay and then lowers it over time
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market skimming
a group of people who share one or more similar characteristics
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market segment
wprowadzać w błąd
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mislead
Być skłonnym, be likely to do smth
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be inclined
a situation that is difficult to understand bc it has a facts that contradict
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paradox
być pozycjonowanym, be put in a particular place
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be positioned
przekonujący, able to make other people believe smth
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persuasive
taktyka, a method you use to achieve smth
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tactic
atrakcyjny, offering an experience that is enjoyable
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inviting
przechytrzyć kogoś
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get one over on someone
przechytrzyć
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outsmart
kupuje pomysł
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buys into an idea
to remove the effect of one thing by doing another thing that has the opposite effect
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cancel something out
efekt wabika
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decoy effect
mieć asa w rękawie
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trick up one’s sleeve
to manage to use something in a way that brings good results
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tap into something
it cannot be used in a court
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have no legal standing
dobrze zorientowany, knowing a lot about something
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well- versed in
być czymś więcej, niż się wydaje, na pierwszy rzut oka
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be more than meets the eye

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