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compression
crushing forces
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kompresja
deform
change shape
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deformować
tension
stretching forces
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napięcie / zdenerwowanie
extension/elongation
subjected to tension its lenght increases
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wydłużenie / wydłużenie
tensile strength
ability to resist tension
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wytrzymałość na rozciąganie
compressive strength
ability to resist compression
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wytrzymałość na ściskanie
elasticity
can extend but still return to their original shape
rubber Can be elastically deformed
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elastyczność
stiff
strong but has low elasticity
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sztywny
brittle
breaks easily
glass
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kruchy
fractures
breaks due to tension
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złamania
is plastic/plasticity
can change shape but won't return to original
lead
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jest plastyczny/plastyczność
plastically deformed
by hamnering or rolling
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odkształcone plastycznie
malleable
plastically deformed
lead(Pb)is malleable
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ciągliwy
ductile
Can be drawn out (stretched) into a long lenght
copper (cu) is ductile
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plastyczny
tensile testing
sample bar is subjected to a progressively increasing tensile force
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Rozciąganie
proportional
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proporcjonalny
limit of proportionality
beyond this point lenght increases at a greater rate than tension
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granica proporcjonalności
elastic limit
beyond this point the bar Will no longer go back to its original lenght
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elastyczny limit
yield point/yield
once the bar yields, it continues to increase in lenght without further increase in tension
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punkt płynności/wydajność
ultimate tensile strenght (UTS)
beyond this point a waist (a narrower section) appears at a point along the lenght of the bar signalling that its about to fracture
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granica wytrzymałości na rozciąganie (UTS)
fracture point
where the bar breaks in two
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punkt złamania
metal fatigue
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zmęczenie metalu
cyclic loads
forces that continually vary
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obciążenia cykliczne
flex
bending up and down
aircrafts wings frequently flex
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