Upper-Intermediate English (2) • NOUNS • 'T'

noun [C or U ] B2 • synonyms: land, domain, area • disputed/emotional/unfamiliar territory; claim/defend/explore territory • freq in AmE: 8/10

an area of land under the jurisdiction or control of a person, group, or government; metaphorically, a domain of influence, expertise, or emotional space

noun [C or U ] B2 • synonyms: treatment, healing, counseling • undergo/start/continue therapy; physical/art/talk therapy; therapy for trauma/anxiety • freq in AmE: 9/10

the treatment of physical or mental illness through methods such as talking, exercises, medication, or other interventions intended to improve health or well-being

noun [U ] B2 • synonyms: reasoning, mindset, reflection • engage in thinking; shape/influence someone’s thinking; critical/creative/strategic thinking; fresh/new thinking on something • freq in AmE: 8/10

the process of using one's mind to consider, reason, reflect, or form ideas; also refers to opinions, beliefs, or intellectual frameworks

collocation with thinking noun [C ] C1 (also line of thought, line of reasoning) • synonyms: reasoning path • follow/challenge/support someone’s line of thinking; line of thinking leads to something; shift/change line of thinking • freq in AmE: 6/10

a particular way of reasoning, interpreting, or approaching a topic; a logical or conceptual path that someone follows in their thought process

noun [C ] B2 • synonyms: second-hand shop, vintage store • shop/donate/browse at thrift store; thrift store finds/fashion/aesthetic • freq in AmE: 7/10

a shop that sells second-hand goods, often donated, at low prices; typically run by charities or nonprofits, and associated with frugality, sustainability, and vintage fashion

noun [C ] B2 • synonyms: characteristic, quality, feature, attribute, hallmark, tendency • a personality/genetic/character trait; show/display/possess a trait; common/distinctive trait • freq in AmE: 9/10

a particular quality in someone’s personality or appearance that makes them different from others; a distinguishing characteristic

collocation with trait noun [C ] B2 • synonyms: character trait, personal quality, individual trait, temperament feature • a positive/negative/dominant personality trait; develop/change/display personality traits • freq in AmE: 9/10

a particular quality or characteristic that forms part of someone’s personality; a consistent pattern of thinking, feeling, or behaving

collocation with trait noun [C ] B2 • synonyms: valued qualities, preferred attributes, sought-after traits • desired traits in leaders/partners/employees • freq in AmE: 7/10

qualities, characteristics, or attributes that are considered valuable, attractive, or beneficial in a given context — such as personality, skills, appearance, or behavior; often used in recruitment, relationships, education, and self-development

noun [C ] B2 literary/royal • synonyms: seat of power, crown, monarchy • throne; ascend/inherit/guard the throne • freq in AmE: 6/10

a ceremonial chair used by a monarch; often symbolizes royal power, authority or succession