| question | réponse | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Vinay & Darbelnet
|
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|
de Saussure
|
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|
Catford
|
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|
Lévy
|
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|
Toury
|
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|
A word taken with its meaning from SL
|
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|
translating an expression, with each element trnsld directly into TL, introducing new structures
|
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|
Word for word
|
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|
Changing word class while preserving meaning
|
||||
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Change in form when literal is unfitting (strange)
|
||||
|
change of style and structure, equivalent meaning
|
||||
|
Extreme change when concept is foreign to TL
|
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|
Relation between units
|
||||
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Relation of meanings
|
||||
|
how utterances relate to situations
|
||||
|
How the text inform of its contents (markedness)
|
||||
|
What is intended by the author
|
||||
|
How well can the text be appreciated by an average reader
|
||||
|
How the text relates to other texts
|
||||