SQL – Constraints

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Ensures that a column cannot have a NULL value
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NOT NULL
Ensures that all values in a column are different
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UNIQUE
A combination of a NOT NULL and UNIQUE. Uniquely identifies each row in a table
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PRIMARY KEY
[MySQL:] UserId auto_increment primary key
Uniquely identifies a row/record in another table
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FOREIGN KEY
Ensures that all values in a column satisfies a specific condition
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CHECK
Sets a default value for a column when no value is specified
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DEFAULT
Used to create and retrieve data from the database very quickly
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INDEX
It's like a declaration of default value that increments by 1 for each record.
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auto_increment
SQLite: autoincrement

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