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break the ice to say or do sth that makes people feel more relaxed, especially at the beginning of a party or meeting She smiled to break the ice. ▶ przełamywać lody

 PHRASAL VERB  ice (sth) over/up to cover sth or become covered with ice The windscreen of the car had iced over in the night. ▶ oblodzić (się) pokrywać (się) lodem zamarzać

2 a person or thing that is considered to be a symbol of sth Madonna and other pop icons of the 1980s ▶ symbol 3 (also ikon) a picture or figure of an important religious person, used by some types of Christians ▶ ikona

idea /aɪˈdɪə; US -ˈdi:ə / noun 1[countable] an idea (for sth); an idea (of sth/of doing sth) a plan, thought or suggestion, especially about what to do in a particular situation That’s a good idea! He’s got an idea for a new play.

The programme gave a good idea of what life was like before the war. Staying in to watch the football on TV is not my idea of a good time. ▶ pojęcie wyobrażenie

4(the idea) [sing.] the idea (of sth/of doing sth) the aim or purpose of sth The idea of the course is to teach the basics of car maintenance. ▶ zamysł idea

get the idea that... to get the feeling or impression that... Where did you get the idea that I was paying for this meal? ▶ wydawać się mieć/odnosić wrażenie

2[usually sing.] an ideal (of sth) a perfect example of a person or thing My ideal would be to live in the country and have a flat in London. It’s my ideal of what a family home should be. ▶ ideał wzór

□ idealist /-ɪst; US / noun [countable] Most people are idealists when they are young. ▶ idealist(k)a —idealistic /ˌaɪdiəˈlɪstɪk; US / adj. ▶ idealistyczny

2(the identical) [only before a noun] the same This is the identical room we stayed in last year. ▶ ten sam □ identically /-kli; US / adv. ▶ identycznie tak samo

2(abbr. ID /ˌaɪ ˈdi:; US /) [uncountable] an official paper, document, etc. that is proof of who you are Do you have any identification? ▶ dowód tożsamości legitymacja

identify sb with sth to consider sb to be sth He was not the ‘ tough guy’ the public identified him with. ▶ uznawać kogoś za coś

identify sth with sth to think or say that sth is the same as sth else You can’t identify nationalism with fascism. ▶ utożsamiać identify (yourself) with sb/sth to support or be closely connected with sb/sth ▶ związywać się

The region has its own cultural identity. The arrest was a case of mistaken identity. Zaaresztowano nieodpowiednią osobę. ▶ tożsamość

2 not doing anything; not being used She can’t bear to be idle. The factory stood idle while the machines were being repaired. ▶ bezczynny

□ idleness /; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ bezczynność —idly /ˈaɪdli; US / adv. ▶ bezczynnie

2(informal) having or showing bad manners an ignorant person/remark ▶ prostacki

2[only before a noun] bad or harmful He resigned because of ill health. I’m glad to say I suffered no ill effects from all that rich food. ill humour ▶ zły szkodliwy

□ illegally /-ɡəli; US / adv. ▶ nielegalnie

3 not knowing much about a particular subject He’s computer illiterate. Jest komputerowym analfabetą. ▶ niedouczony □ illiteracy /ɪˈlɪtərəsi; US / noun [uncountable] adult illiteracy ▶ analfabetyzm

2[countable] a type or period of physical or mental ill health a minor/serious illness My dad is just getting over his illness. childhood illnesses ▶ choroba

□ illogicality /ɪˌlɒdʒɪˈkæləti; US / noun [countable, uncountable] (pl. illogicalities) ▶ nielogiczność —illogically /ɪˈlɒdʒɪkli; US / adv. ▶ nielogicznie

2 to explain sth or make sth clear ▶ wyjaśniać rzucać światło na coś

2(illuminations) [pl.] (Brit.) brightly coloured lights that are used for decorating a street, town, etc. Christmas illuminations ▶ iluminacje ozdoby świetlne

2[countable] something that your eyes tell you is there or is true but in fact is not That line looks longer, but in fact they’re the same length. It’s an optical illusion. ▶ złudzenie

2 to explain or make sth clear by using examples, pictures or diagrams These statistics illustrate the point that I was making very well. ▶ ilustrować

3[countable] an example that makes a point or an idea clear Can you give me an illustration of what you mean? ▶ ilustracja przykład

2 a mental picture or idea of sb/sth I have an image of my childhood as always sunny and happy. ▶ wizerunek wyobrażenie 3 a picture or description that appears in a book, film or painting horrific images of war ▶ obraz

2 [countable] the part of the mind that uses this ability If you use your imagination, you should be able to guess the answer. ▶ wyobraźnia

2 to see, hear or think sth that is not true or does not exist She’s always imagining that she’s ill but she’s fine really. I thought I heard someone downstairs, but I must have been imagining things. ▶ wyobrażać sobie

2[u] the act of copying sb/sth Good pronunciation of a language is best learnt by imitation. ▶ imitacja naśladowanie 3[c] the act of copying the way sb talks and behaves, especially in order to make people laugh ▶ naśladowanie

2 not fully grown or developed an immature body ▶ nierozwinięty niedojrzały

□ immeasurably /-əbli; US / adv. Housing standards improved immeasurably after the war. Stress has an immeasurably more serious effect on our lives than we realize. ▶ niezmiernie

2[only before a noun] existing now and needing urgent attention Tell me what your immediate needs are. ▶ pilny nagły

2 nearest in time or position Who’s the girl immediately in front of Simon? What did you do immediately after the war? ▶ bezpośrednio 3 very closely; directly He wasn’t immediately involved in the crime. ▶ bezpośrednio tuż

immensely /ɪˈmensli; US / adv. extremely; very much immensely enjoyable ‘ Did you enjoy the party?’ ‘ Yes, immensely.’ ▶ ogromnie niezmiernie bezgranicznie

2immerse yourself (in sth) to involve yourself completely in sth so that you give it all your attention Rachel’s usually immersed in a book. ▶ pogrążać się zagłębiać się

a two-week immersion course in French intensywny, dwutygodniowy kurs języka francuskiego ▶ zanurzenie

Were you born here in Britain? Yes I was, but my parents emigrated to Britain from Barbados.

2(also immiˈgration control) the control point at an airport, port, etc. where the official documents of people who want to come into a country are checked When you leave the plane you have to go through customs and immigration. ▶ kontrola paszportów

□ immorality /ˌɪməˈræləti; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ niemoralność  OPPOSITE  morality —immorally /ɪˈmɒrəli; US; / adv. ▶ niemoralnie nieetycznie

□ immortality /ˌɪmɔ:ˈtæləti; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ nieśmiertelność wiekopomność

2immune (to sth) not affected by sth You can say what you like – I’m immune to criticism! ▶ niepodatny odporny