Słowa na G-2

genesis /ˈdʒenəsɪs; US / noun [sing.] (formal) the beginning or origin of sth ▶ geneza

ˈgene therapy noun [uncountable] a treatment in which normal genes are put into cells to replace ones that are missing or not normal ▶ terapia genowa

genetic /dʒəˈnetɪk; US / adj. connected with genes, or with genetics The disease is caused by a genetic defect. ▶ genetyczny □ genetically /-kli; US / adv. ▶ genetycznie

geˌnetically ˈmodified adj. (abbr. GM /ˌdʒi: ˈem; US /) (used about food, plants, etc.) that has been grown from cells whose genes have been changed in an artificial way genetically modified foods ▶ genetycznie modyfikowany

geˌnetic ˈcode noun [countable] the arrangement of genes that controls how each living thing will develop ▶ kod genetyczny

geˌnetic engiˈneering noun [uncountable] the science of changing the way a human, animal or plant develops by changing the information in its genes ▶ inżynieria genetyczna

(also ˌDNA ˈfingerprinting) noun [uncountable] the method of finding the particular pattern of genes in an individual person, particularly to identify sb or find out if sb has committed a crime ▶ identyfikacja osoby za pomocą badań DNA

geneticist /dʒəˈnetɪsɪst; US / noun [countable] a scientist who studiesgenetics ▶ genetyk

genetics /dʒəˈnetɪks; US / noun [uncountable] the scientific study of the way that the development of living things is controlled by qualities that have been passed on from parents to children ▶ genetyka ⇨ look at gene

genial /ˈdʒi: niəl; US / adj. (used about a person) pleasant and friendly ▶ dobroduszny towarzyski jowialny

genie /ˈdʒi: ni; US / noun [countable] a spirit with magic powers, especially one that lives in a bottle or a lamp ▶ dżinn

genitals /ˈdʒenɪtlz; US / (also genitalia /ˌdʒenɪˈteɪliə; US /) noun [pl.] (formal) the parts of sb’s sex organs that are outside the body ▶ genitalia zewnętrzne narządy płciowe

genius /ˈdʒi: niəs; US / noun 1 [uncountable] very great and unusual intelligence or ability Shakespeare’s tragedies show true genius. Her idea was a stroke of genius. ▶ wielki talent

genocide /ˈdʒenəsaɪd; US / noun [uncountable] the murder of all the people of a particular race, religion, etc. ▶ ludobójstwo

genome /ˈdʒi: nəʊm; US / noun [countable] the complete set of genes in a cell or living thing the human genome ▶ genom

genre /ˈʒɒ͂rə; ˈʒɒnrə; US / noun [countable] (formal) a particular type or style of literature, art, film or music ▶ gatunek literacki rodzaj sztuki

/ˈdʒentl / adj. 1 (used about people) kind and calm; touching or treating people or things in a careful way so that they are not hurt ‘ I’ll try and be as gentle as I can,’ said the dentist.

□ gentleness /; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ łagodność delikatność —gently /ˈdʒentli; US / adv. He touched her gently on the shoulder. The beach slopes gently down to the sea. ▶ łagodnie delikatnie

gentleman /ˈdʒentlmən; US / noun [countable] (pl. -men /-mən; US /) 1(also informal gent /dʒent; US /) a man who is polite and who behaves well towards other people Everyone likes and respects Joe because he’s a real gentleman. ▶ dżentelmen

gentry /ˈdʒentri; US / noun [pl.] (usually the gentry) (old-fashioned) people belonging to a high social class the local gentry the landed gentry ziemiaństwo ▶ szlachta

the ˈgents (also the ˈGents) noun [sing.] (Brit., informal) a public toilet for men ▶ ubikacja dla panów ⇨ look at ladies ⇨ note at toilet

genuine /ˈdʒenjuɪn; US / adj. 1 real; true He thought that he had bought a genuine Rolex watch but it was a cheap fake. ▶ autentyczny prawdziwy

geographer /dʒiˈɒɡrəfə(r); US / noun [countable] an expert in, or a student of, geography ▶ geograf

geography /dʒiˈɒɡrəfi; US / noun [uncountable] 1 the study of the world’s surface, physical qualities, climate, countries, products, etc. human/physical/economic geography ▶ geografia

□ geographical /ˌdʒi:əˈɡræfɪkl; US / adj. ▶ geograficzny —geographically /-kli; US / adv. ▶ geograficznie terenowo

geology /dʒiˈɒlədʒi; US / noun [uncountable] the study of rocks, and of the way they are formed ▶ geologia □ geological /ˌdʒi:əˈlɒdʒɪkl; US / adj. ▶ geologiczny

geologist /dʒiˈɒlədʒɪst; US / noun [countable] an expert in, or a student of, geology ▶ geolog

geology /dʒiˈɒlədʒi; US / noun [uncountable] the study of rocks, and of the way they are formed ▶ geologia □ geological /ˌdʒi:əˈlɒdʒɪkl; US / adj. ▶ geologiczny

geometric /ˌdʒi:əˈmetrɪk; US / (also geometrical /-ɪkl; US /) adj. 1 connected with geometry ▶ geometryczny 2 consisting of regular shapes and lines a geometric design/pattern ▶ geometryczny □ geometrically /-kli; US / adv. ▶ geometrycznie

geometry /dʒiˈɒmətri; US / noun [uncountable] the study in mathematics of lines, shapes, curves, etc. ▶ geometria

geopolitics /ˌdʒi:əʊˈpɒlətɪks; US / noun [uncountable, with sing. or pl. verb] the political relations between countries and groups of countries in the world; the study of these relations ▶ geopolityka

geothermal /ˌdʒi:əʊˈɵɜ: ml; US / adj. connected with the natural heat of rock deep in the ground geothermal energy ▶ geotermalny

geranium /dʒeˈreɪniəm; US / noun [countable] a garden plant with red, pink or white flowers ▶ geranium pelargonia

geriatrics /ˌdʒeriˈætrɪks; US / noun [uncountable] the medical care of old people ▶ geriatria □ geriatric /; US / adj. a geriatric hospital ▶ geriatryczny

germ /dʒɜ: m; US / noun 1 [countable] a very small living thing that causes disease ▶ zarazek drobnoustrój bakcyl

German measles /ˌdʒɜ: mən ˈmi: zlz; US / (also rubella /ru:ˈbelə; US /) noun [uncountable] a mild disease that causes red spots all over the body. If a woman catches it when she is pregnant, it may damage the baby. ▶ różyczka

germinate /ˈdʒɜ: mɪneɪt; US / verb [i, t] (used about a seed) to start growing; to cause a seed to do this ▶ kiełkować wschodzić doprowadzać do kiełkowania □ germination /ˌdʒɜ: mɪˈneɪʃn; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ kiełkowanie wschodzenie

gesticulate /dʒeˈstɪkjuleɪt; US / verb [intransitive] to make movements with your hands and arms in order to express sth A man was standing in the road gesticulating wildly, so we stopped the car. ▶ gestykulować

gesture1 /ˈdʒestʃə(r); US / noun [countable] 1 a movement of the hand, head, etc. that expresses sth I saw the boy make a rude gesture at the policeman before running off. ▶ gest ruch (ręką, ciałem)

gesture2 /ˈdʒestʃə(r); US / verb [intransitive, transitive] to point at sth, to make a sign to sb She asked them to leave and gestured towards the door. ▶ wskazywać wykonywać gest

get /ɡet/ verb (getting; past tense got /ɡɒt/, past participle got, US gotten /ˈɡɒtn/) 1[transitive] [no passive] to receive, obtain or buy sth I got a letter from my sister. Did you get a present for your mother? dostawać otrzymywać kupować

3[transitive] [no passive] to go to a place and bring sth back Go and get me a pen, please. Sam’s gone to get his mother from the station. The police have got (złapała) the gang who carried out the robbery. ▶ przynosić przywozić

7[intransitive] to have sth happen to you She got bitten by a dog. Ugryzł ją pies. Don’t leave your wallet on the table or it’ll get stolen (ktoś go ukradnie).

5[intransitive] to become; to reach a particular state or condition It’s getting dark. Ściemnia się. to get angry złościć się to get bored nudzić się to get hungry zgłodnieć ▶ robić się stawać się

Czasownika get używa się również wtedy, gdy na naszą prośbę czy zamówienie ktoś inny ma wykonać daną czynność: I have to get my hair cut. Muszę obciąć włosy. •

8[transitive] get sb/sth to do sth to make sb/sth do sth or persuade sb to do sth I got him to agree to the plan. I can’t get the TV to work. Nie mogę nic zrobić, żeby telewizor zaczął działać. ▶ nakłaniać kogoś do czegoś

10 [i] [used with verbs in the -ing form] to start doing sth We don’t have much time so we’d better get working (lepiej weźmy się do pracy). I got talking (zacząłem rozmawiać) to a woman on the bus.

11[intransitive] get to do sth to have the chance to do sth Did you get to see (czy udało ci się zobaczyć) the Rembrandt exhibition? Did you get to try the new computer? ▶ mieć okazję udawać się

13[intransitive] to move or go somewhere; I can’t swim so I couldn’t get across (przejść przez) the river. My grandmother’s 92 and she doesn’t get out of (nie wychodzi z) the house much.

16[transitive] get (sb) sth; get sth (for sb) to prepare food Can I get you anything to eat? Joe’s in the kitchen getting breakfast for everyone. ▶ przygotowywać (coś do jedzenia)

18[transitive] to hear or understand sth I’m sorry, I didn’t get that. Could you repeat it? Did you get that joke that Karen told? ▶ słyszeć rozumieć

getaway /ˈɡetəweɪ; US / noun [countable] an escape (after a crime) I made a quick getaway. Szybko uciekłem. a getaway car samochód służący do ucieczki a getaway driver kierowca samochodu służącego do ucieczki ▶ ucieczka

ˈget-together noun [countable] (informal) an informal social meeting or party We’re going to have a get-together on Saturday evening. ▶ spotkanie prywatka

geyser /ˈɡi: zə(r); US ˈɡaɪz- / noun [countable] 1 a place where hot water or steam is sent up naturally into the air from under the ground ▶ gejzer ⇨ look at spring

gherkin /ˈɡɜ: kɪn; US / noun [countable] a small green cucumber that is preserved in vinegar before being eaten ▶ korniszon

ghetto /ˈɡetəʊ; US / noun [countable] (pl. ghettoes) a part of a town where many people of the same race, religion, etc. live in poor conditions ▶ getto

ghost /ɡəʊst; US / noun [countable] the spirit of a dead person that is seen or heard by sb who is still living I don’t believe in ghosts. a ghost story historia o duchach The ghost of an old woman is said to haunt the house. ▶ duch widmo zjawa

ˈghost town noun [countable] a town that used to be busy and have people living in it, but is now empty ▶ miasto-widmo

ghostwriter /ˈɡəʊstraɪtə(r); US / noun [countable] a person who writes a book, etc. for a famous person (whose name appears as the author) ▶ osoba pisząca książkę dla kogoś sławnego

giant /ˈdʒaɪənt; US / noun [countable] 1 an extremely large, strong person a giant of a man ▶ olbrzym wielkolud 2 something that is very large the multinational oil giants ▶ gigant

gibber /ˈdʒɪbə(r); US / verb [intransitive, transitive] to speak quickly in a way that is difficult to understand, often because of fear He cowered in the corner, gibbering with terror. By this time I was a gibbering wreck. ▶ bełkotać

gibberish /ˈdʒɪbərɪʃ; US / noun [uncountable] words that have no meaning or that are impossible to understand I was so nervous in my interview I just spoke gibberish. ▶ bełkot bzdury

gibbon /ˈɡɪbən; US / noun [countable] a small ape with long arms, that lives in SE Asia ▶ gibon

giblets /ˈdʒɪbləts; US / noun [pl.] the inside parts of a chicken or other bird, including the heart and stomach, that are usually removed before it is cooked ▶ podroby

gift /ɡɪft/ noun [c] 1 something that you give to sb; a present This watch was a gift from my mother. This week’s magazine contains a free gift of some make-up. The company made a gift of a computer to a local school. ▶ prezent upominek podarunek

gifted /ˈɡɪftɪd; US / adj. having natural ability or great intelligence an extremely gifted musician ▶ utalentowany

gigabyte /ˈɡɪɡəbaɪt; US / (abbr. Gb /ˌdʒi: ˈbi:; US /) noun [countable] a unit of computer memory, equal to 230 bytes ▶ gigabajt

gigantic /dʒaɪˈɡæntɪk; US / adj. extremely big ▶ gigantyczny olbrzymi

giggle /ˈɡɪɡl; US / verb [i] to laugh in a silly way that you can’t control, because you are amused or nervous ▶ chichotać ⇨ look at chuckle □ giggle noun [countable] I’ve got the giggles. Nie mogę się przestać śmiać. ▶ chichot chichotanie

gild /ɡɪld; US / verb [transitive] 1(literary) to make sth look bright, as if covered with gold The golden light gilded the sea. ▶ złocić 2 to cover sth with a thin layer of gold or gold paint ▶ pozłacać

gill /ɡɪl; US / noun [countable, usually pl.] one of the parts on the side of a fish’s head that it breathes through ▶ skrzele

gimmick /ˈɡɪmɪk; US / noun [countable] an idea for attracting customers or persuading people to buy sth New magazines often use free gifts or other gimmicks to get people to buy them. ▶ chwyt sztuczka wabik

gin /dʒɪn; US / noun [countable, uncountable] a strong, alcoholic drink with no colour ▶ dżin jałowcówka

ginger /ˈdʒɪndʒə(r); US / noun [uncountable] 1 a root that tastes hot and is used as a spice in cooking ground ginger ▶ imbir 2 a light brownish-orange colour ▶ kolor rudy/ryży □ ginger adj. 1 ginger biscuits ▶ imbirowy

ˌginger ˈale noun [uncountable] a drink that does not contain alcohol and is flavoured with ginger ▶ napój bezalkoholowy przyprawiany imbirem Podobny napój to ginger beer, który jednak zawiera trochę alkoholu.

gingerbread /ˈdʒɪndʒəbred; US / noun [uncountable] a sweet cake or biscuit flavoured with ginger ▶ piernik pierniczek miodownik

giraffe /dʒəˈrɑ: f; US -ˈræf / noun [countable] (pl. giraffe or giraffes) a large African animal with a very long neck and legs and big dark spots on its skin ▶ żyrafa

girder /ˈɡɜ: də(r); US / noun [countable] a long, heavy piece of iron or steel that is used in the building of bridges, large buildings, etc. ▶ dźwigar belka główna

girl /ɡɜ: l; US / noun [countable] ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW 1 a female child Is the baby a boy or a girl? There are more boys than girls in the class. ▶ dziewczynka

3 a young woman He was eighteen before he became interested in girls. The girl at the cash desk was very helpful. ▶ dziewczyna panienka 4(girls) [pl.] a woman’s female friends of any age a night out with the girls ▶ dziewczęta przyjaciółki

girlish /ˈɡɜ: lɪʃ; US / adj. looking, sounding or behaving like a girl a girlish figure/giggle ▶ dziewczęcy

girth /ɡɜ:ɵ; US / noun [uncountable, countable] the measurement around sth, especially sb’s waist a man of enormous girth a tree one metre in girth/with a girth of one metre ▶ obwód (np. osoby w talii/pasie, drzewa)

/ɡɪv/ verb (past tense gave /ɡeɪv ; US /, past participle given /ˈɡɪvn ; US /) 1[t] give sb sth; give sth to sb to let sb have sth, esp. sth that they want or need I gave Jackie a book for her birthday. I gave my bag to my friend to look after.

3[t] to make sb have a particular feeling, idea, etc. Swimming always gives me a good appetite. to give somebody a surprise/shock/fright What gives you the idea that he was lying?

4[t] give (sb) sth; give sth to sb to let sb have your opinion, decision, judgement, etc. Can you give me some advice? My boss has given me permission to leave early. The judge gave him five years in prison. ▶ dawać udzielać

5[transitive] give sb sth; give sth to sb to speak to people in a formal situation to give (wygłaszać) a speech/talk/lecture The officer was called to give evidence (do złożenia zeznań) in court.

7[transitive] to spend time dealing with sb/sth We need to give some thought to this matter urgently. I’ll just finish this, then I can give you my undivided attention. ▶ poświęcać

8[transitive] give (sb/sth) sth to do sth to sb/sth; to make a particular sound or movement to give somebody a kiss/push/hug/bite to give something a clean/wash/polish Give me a call when you get home.

10[intransitive] to bend or stretch under pressure The branch began to give under my weight. I tried to make him change his mind but he wouldn’t give an inch. ▶ wyginać się osuwać się ustępować pod naciskiem

giveaway /ˈɡɪvəweɪ; US / noun [countable] (informal) 1 a thing that is included free when you buy sth There’s usually some giveaway with that magazine. ▶ bezpłatny dodatek

given2 /ˈɡɪvn; US / adj. [only before a noun] already stated or decided At any given time, up to 200 people are using the library. They met at a given place every evening. ▶ dany

given3 /ˈɡɪvn; US / prep. considering sth Given that you had very little help, I think you did very well. ▶ biorąc pod uwagę

glacial /ˈɡleɪʃl; US ˈɡleɪsiəl / adj. 1 (technical) connected with, or caused byglaciers a glacial landscape glacial deposits/erosion ▶ lodowcowy

glacier /ˈɡlæsiə(r); US ˈɡleɪʃər / noun [countable] a large mass of ice that moves slowly down a valley ▶ lodowiec

glad /ɡlæd; US / adj. 1 [not before a noun] glad (about sth); glad to do sth/that... happy; pleased I’m glad (that) he’s feeling better. I’ll be glad when these exams are over. thoroughly honest. Are you glad about your new job? ▶ zadowolony

□ gladness /; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ radość szczęście

glade /ɡleɪd; US / noun [countable] a small open area of grass in a wood or forest ▶ polana poręba

gladiator /ˈɡlædieɪtə(r); US / noun [countable] (in ancient Rome) a man who fought against another man or a wild animal in a public show ▶ gladiator

gladly /ˈɡlædli; US / adv. (used for politely agreeing to a request or accepting an invitation) ‘ Could you help me carry these bags?’ ‘ Gladly.’ She gladly accepted the invitation to stay the night. ▶ chętnie ochoczo

glamorize (also glamorise) /ˈɡlæməraɪz; US / verb [transitive] to make sth appear more attractive or exciting than it really is TV tends to glamorize violence. ▶ dodawać uroku uatrakcyjniać

glamour (US also glamor) /ˈɡlæmə(r); US / noun [uncountable] the quality of seeming to be more exciting or attractive than ordinary things or people Young people are often attracted by the glamour of city life. ▶ blask

glance1 /ɡlɑ: ns; US ɡlæ- / verb [i] to look quickly at sb/sth She glanced round the room to see if they were there. He glanced at her and smiled. The receptionist glanced down the list of names. I just had time to glance at the report ▶ spojrzeć zerknąć