Radio finale edition
0 25 fiche guest3993990
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# contained disease- 90%, zdrowi ludzie, tworzenie ziarniniaków # Primary tuberculosis - u dzieci i ludzi z immunosupresją
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lobar consolidation +/- pleural effusion and lymphadenopathy Adenopathy is common in primary TB, typically featuring central low-attenuation and peripheral enhancement, especially in children. Ghon focus: Initial focus of parenchymal infection, usually located in the upper part of the lower lobe or the lower part of the upper lobe. Ranke complex: Ghon focus and lymphadenopathy. Cavitation is rare in primary TB, in contrast to reactivation TB
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chronic cough, low-grade fever, hemoptysis, and night sweats immunocompetent patient, the imaging hallmarks of reactivation TB are upper-lobe predominant consolidation with cavitation. Tree-in-bud nodules are common and suggest active endobronchial spread. • Reactivation TB most commonly occurs in the upper lobe apical and posterior segments and superior segments of the lower lobes
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key finding on CT is central bronchiectasis and mucoid impaction, which can be high attenuation or even calcified. This combination of mucoid impaction within bronchiectatic airways represents the finger-in-glove sign.
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curvilinear air surrounding the aspergilloma. aspergilome leczy sie chirurgicznie lub embolizacją, nie lekami p-grzybiczymi
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halo sign i air crescent sign halo sign- not specific to angioinvasive aspergillosis, can be seen in viral infection, granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), Kaposi sarcoma, hemorrhagic meta, and others. • air crescent sign- good prognostic, patient is in the recovery phase
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sternotomy wires
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4-6cm
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The tip of a Swan-Ganz pulmonary artery catheter should be in either the main, right, or left pulmonary artery.
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Adenocarcinoma
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lobar atelectasis, mucoid impaction, consolidation, and bronchiectasis. SCC has a propensity to cavitate.
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encasement of the vasculature
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The early stage of radiation injury, which can occur within one month of radiotherapy and is most severe 3–4 months after treatment. ground glass centered on the radiation port, although extension out of the port is relatively common
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Late stage of radiation injury. Fibrosis becomes apparent approximately 6–12 months after therapy. The key imaging finding is the distribution of fibrosis and traction bronchiectasis within the radiation port, although fibrosis may extend outside the port in 20%
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bowing of the interventricular septum to the left, the right ventricle is larger in diameter than the left ventricle
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signs of right heart strain
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on the frontal view if hilar vessels are visualized through the mass, it indicates that the mass cannot be in the visceral- middle mediastinum. The mass may be anterior - prevascular (more likely) or posterior- paravertebral.
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• Distortion of the azygoesophageal recess, distortion of the posterior junction line, paratracheal stripes, or convexity of the AP window suggests a visceral compartment mediastinal mass
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Distortion or displacement of the paraspinal lines suggests paravertebral disease.
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>Thymic epithelial neoplasm- #thymoma in middle aged or older, or history of myasthenia gravis. #Less common thymic carcinoma. >Germ cell tumor- teratoma in young adult. >Lymphoma. Thyroid goiter - rarely in the anterior mediasti num.
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Thymoma, typically occurs in middle-aged or older individuals, between 35 and 60 years. Lobulated masses in the anterior mediastinum, often off -center. They may calcify or develop necrosis. Drop metastases from invasive thymoma spread along pleural and pericardial surfaces.
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secondary to: #radiation RTX (e.g., to treat Hodgkin disease), #AIDS, #Sjögren’s (multilocular), #congenital- thymopharyngeal duct, most commonly in the prevasc. mediastm. CT- simple fluid cyst ew. protein/hemorr. in prevasc. mediast, centrally located
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Symmetric gland enlargement without focal mass. Reaction to systemic stressors: #radiation therapy, #burns, #chemotherapy, # steroids. Lymphoid hyperplasia is associated with myasthenia gravis, SLE, RA, scleroderma, and Grave’s disease
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# bronchogenic cysts, #esophageal duplication cysts, #neurenteric cysts
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Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA)
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