PTE 200

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brought
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Past tense of bring; to carry or convey something to a place or person.
She brought a cake to the party.
will
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Expressing the future tense.
They will arrive tomorrow.
fact
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A thing that is known or proved to be true.
It is a fact that the Earth is round.
conscious
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Aware of and responding to one's surroundings; awake.
He was conscious of being watched.
evidence
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The available body of facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid.
The police found no evidence of a crime.
ancient
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Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence.
They visited the ancient ruins of Rome.
deemed
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Regard or consider in a specified way.
The area was deemed unsafe.
distinct
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Recognizably different in nature from something else of a similar type.
There are two distinct types of this animal.
exposure
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The state of being exposed to contact with something.
Exposure to the sun can cause skin damage.
vast
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Of very great extent or quantity; immense.
The Sahara Desert is a vast expanse of sand.
computing
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The use or operation of computers.
Advances in computing have changed the world.
emissions
The factory was fined for exceeding its emissions limits.
especially gas or radiation.
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The production and discharge of something
generated
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Produce or create.
The project generated a lot of interest.
narrative
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A spoken or written account of connected events; a story.
He told a compelling narrative of his life.
structure
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The arrangement of and relations between the parts or elements of something complex.
The structure of the building was damaged in the earthquake.
creatures
The forest is home to many strange creatures.
as distinct from a human being.
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An animal
vulnerable
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Susceptible to physical or emotional attack or harm.
Children are particularly vulnerable to abuse.
appropriate
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Suitable or proper in the circumstances.
It is important to wear appropriate clothing for the occasion.
debate
There was a lively debate on the issue.
in which opposing arguments are put forward.
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A formal discussion on a particular topic in a public meeting or legislative assembly
colorado
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A state in the western United States.
Denver is the capital of Colorado.
celestial
The moon is a celestial body.
or outer space as observed in astronomy.
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Positioned in or relating to the sky
integrity
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The quality of being honest and having strong moral principles; moral uprightness.
He was a man of great integrity.
extensive
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Covering or affecting a large area.
The house has extensive grounds.
career
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An occupation undertaken for a significant period of a person's life and with opportunities for progress.
She had a successful career in law.
amid
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Surrounded by; in the middle of.
The house stood amid a grove of trees.
considered
He considered his options carefully.
typically before making a decision.
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Think carefully about (something)
coast
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The part of the land near the sea; the seashore.
They lived on the coast.
expanded
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Become or make larger or more extensive.
The company expanded its operations overseas.
distinctive
The bird has a distinctive song.
and so serving to distinguish it from others.
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Characteristic of one person or thing
pursuit
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The action of following or pursuing someone or something.
The police were in pursuit of the suspect.
distinctly
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In a way that is readily distinguishable by the senses.
I distinctly remember meeting her.
annual
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Occurring once every year.
The company holds an annual meeting.
conclusion
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The end or finish of an event or process.
The conclusion of the book was disappointing.
depth
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The distance from the top or surface to the bottom of something.
The depth of the pool is three meters.
immense
The universe is immense.
especially in scale or degree.
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Extremely large or great
bridge
etc. across a river
path
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A structure carrying a road
road
railway
exemplified
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Be a typical example of.
His work exemplified the best of the genre.
dendrochronology
environmental change
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The science or technique of dating events
Dendrochronology can be used to date ancient structures.
and archaeological artifacts by using the characteristic patterns of annual growth rings in timber and tree trunks.
drought
The region is experiencing a severe drought.
leading to a shortage of water.
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A prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall
corollary
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A proposition that follows from (and is often appended to) one already proved.
This principle is a corollary of the main theorem.
controversy
and heated.
typically when prolonged
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Disagreement
public
bulk
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The mass or size of something large.
The bulk of the work is now complete.
lessen
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Make or become less; diminish.
The pain began to lessen.
constellation
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A group of stars forming a recognizable pattern that is traditionally named after its apparent form or identified with a mythological figure.
The Big Dipper is a well-known constellation.
subtle
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So delicate or precise as to be difficult to analyze or describe.
There was a subtle hint of spice in the dish.
compensate
suffering
typically money
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Give (someone) something
or injury incurred; recompense.
in recognition of loss
discover
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Find unexpectedly or while looking for something else.
They discovered a new species of plant.
severity
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The fact or condition of being severe.
The severity of the storm surprised everyone.
apocalyptic
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Describing or prophesying the complete destruction of the world.
The movie depicted an apocalyptic future.
debt
typically money
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Something
He had a large debt to repay.
that is owed or due.
expectancy
especially something pleasant
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The state of thinking or hoping that something
There was an air of expectancy in the crowd.
will happen or be the case.
deception
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The action of deceiving someone.
He was accused of deception.
deceive
He tried to deceive her with a false story.
typically in order to gain some personal advantage.
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Cause (someone) to believe something that is not true
iceberg
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A large floating mass of ice detached from a glacier or ice sheet and carried out to sea.
The ship struck an iceberg.
revenue
The company's revenue increased last year.
especially when of a company or organization and of a substantial nature.
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Income
homogeneous
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Of the same kind; alike.
The population was not homogeneous.
excellence
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The quality of being outstanding or extremely good.
The school is known for its academic excellence.
dimension
depth
such as length
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A measurable extent of some kind
or height.
breadth
clones
to which they are genetically identical.
or group of organisms or cells
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An organism or cell
produced asexually from one ancestor or stock
dwellings
apartment
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A house
The village consisted of a few simple dwellings.
or other place of residence.
complementary
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Combining in such a way as to enhance or emphasize the qualities of each other or another.
The two colors are complementary.
efficacy
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The ability to produce a desired or intended result.
The efficacy of the drug has been proven.
rumble
The rumble of the train could be heard in the distance.
resonant sound like distant thunder.
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A continuous deep
brawn
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Physical strength in contrast to intelligence.
He relied on his brawn rather than his brains.
bewildered
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Perplexed and confused; very puzzled.
He was bewildered by the complex instructions.
cobbled
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Made of cobblestones.
The street was cobbled with large stones.
eavesdropping
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Secretly listen to a conversation.
He was caught eavesdropping on their conversation.
exuberant
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Filled with or characterized by a lively energy and excitement.
The children were exuberant after their victory.
obsolete
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No longer produced or used; out of date.
The old computer is now obsolete.
contenders
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A person or group competing with others to achieve something.
There were several contenders for the championship.
exacerbated
bad situation
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Make (a problem
The situation was exacerbated by the lack of communication.
or negative feeling) worse.
peasant
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A poor smallholder or agricultural laborer of low social status (chiefly in historical use or with reference to subsistence farming in poorer countries).
"The peasants revolted against the king."
grand
size
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Magnificent and imposing in appearance
The palace was a grand building.
or style.
chemist
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A person engaged in chemical research or experiments.
The chemist analyzed the substance.
metaphor
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A figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable.
He used the metaphor of a journey to describe life.
beryl
yellow
typically occurring as green
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A mineral
or white hexagonal crystals.
blue
plumage
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A bird's feathers collectively.
The peacock has beautiful plumage.
queasy
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Nauseous; feeling sick.
The boat ride made him queasy.
culpability
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Responsibility for a fault or wrong; blame.
The investigation will determine the culpability of those involved.
prosecution
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The institution and conducting of legal proceedings against someone in respect of a criminal charge.
The prosecution presented its evidence in court.
embryonic
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In an early stage of development.
The project is still in its embryonic stage.
barricades
The protesters erected barricades in the streets.
often hastily erected for defense.
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A line or pile of objects placed to block a route or passageway
razed
town
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Completely destroy (a building
"The city was razed to the ground during the war."
or other site).
moths
Moths are attracted to light.
with typically a stout body and dullish wings.
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A nocturnal insect related to the butterflies
compatible
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Able to exist or occur together without conflict.
The two software programs are compatible.
creoles
The creole culture is a blend of African and European influences.
especially in the Caribbean.
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A person of mixed European and black descent
wares
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Articles offered for sale.
The market stalls were filled with colorful wares.
glorified
He was glorified as a hero.
especially unjustifiably or undeservedly.
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Describe or represent as admirable
prudent
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Acting with or showing care and thought for the future.
It is prudent to save for retirement.
dimmed
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Make or become less bright or distinct.
The lights dimmed as the movie began.
deteriorating
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Become progressively worse.
The patient's condition is deteriorating.
alloy
Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc.
especially to give greater strength or resistance to corrosion.
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A metal made by combining two or more metallic elements
emerge
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Move out of or away from something and come into view.
The sun emerged from behind the clouds.
maze
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A complex network of paths or passages.
They got lost in the maze.
weigh
He weighed himself on the bathroom scales.
typically using scales.
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Find out how heavy (someone or something) is
cultural
customs
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Relating to the ideas
The city is a center of cultural activity.
and social behavior of a society.
appetite
He has a healthy appetite.
especially for food.
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A natural desire to satisfy a bodily need
sedentary
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Tending to spend much time seated; somewhat inactive.
He has a sedentary job.
approach
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Come near or nearer to (someone or something) in distance or time.
The train approached the station.
possess
Definition
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Have as belonging to one; own.
blank
He possesses a rare talent. Word
express
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Convey (a thought or feeling) in words or by gestures and conduct.
She expressed her gratitude for the help.
imply
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Indicate the truth or existence of (something) by suggestion rather than explicit statement.
His silence implied disapproval.
fascinated
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Strongly attracted and interested.
She was fascinated by the ancient artifacts.
threat
or other hostile action on someone in retribution for something done or not done.
injury
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A statement of an intention to inflict pain
damage
conserve
We need to conserve water during the drought.
especially an environmentally or culturally important place or thing) from harm or destruction.
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Protect (something
potent
influence
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Having great power
The medicine was a potent painkiller.
or effect.
intricate
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Very complicated or detailed.
The watch had an intricate design.
devastating
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Highly destructive or damaging.
The earthquake caused devastating damage.
cooperation
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The process of working together to the same end.
The project required close cooperation between the teams.
sought
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Past tense of seek; attempt to find (something).
They sought shelter from the storm.
establishment
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The action or process of establishing something or being established.
The establishment of the new school was a major achievement.
distinguished
authoritative
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Successful
She is a distinguished professor of history.
and commanding great respect.
compiling
or book) by assembling information collected from other sources.
especially a list
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Produce (something
report
chaotic
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In a state of complete confusion and disorder.
The scene was chaotic after the accident.
precise
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Marked by exactness and accuracy of expression or detail.
The measurements need to be precise.
enable
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Give (someone or something) the authority or means to do something; make possible.
The new software enables us to work more efficiently.
conventional
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Based on or in accordance with what is generally done or believed.
They followed conventional farming methods.
dramatic
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Sudden and striking; exciting and impressive.
There was a dramatic increase in sales.
certain
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Known for sure; established beyond doubt.
It is certain that the sun will rise tomorrow.
organism
plant
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An individual animal
Bacteria are single-celled organisms.
or single-celled life form.
designed
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Done or planned with a particular purpose or intention in mind.
The building was designed to be energy-efficient.
strike
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Hit forcibly and with speed.
The lightning struck the tree.
prerequisite
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A thing that is required as a prior condition for something else to happen or exist.
Passing the exam is a prerequisite for the course.
civilization
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The stage of human social development and organization that is considered most advanced.
Ancient Egypt was a great civilization.
advantage
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A condition or circumstance that puts one in a favorable or superior position.
He had the advantage of local knowledge.
abundance
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A very large quantity of something.
There was an abundance of food at the festival.
contemporary
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Living or occurring at the same time.
The artist's work is contemporary with the modern era.
eroding
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Gradually destroy or be gradually destroyed.
The coastline is eroding due to rising sea levels.
combat
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Take aggressive action to reduce or prevent (something undesirable).
The government is trying to combat crime.
strive
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Make great efforts to achieve or obtain something.
They strive for excellence in their work.
blend
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Mix (different substances or types) thoroughly together.
The chef blended the spices perfectly.
exotic
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Originating in or characteristic of a distant foreign country.
They visited an exotic island in the Pacific.
colleagues
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A person with whom one works in a profession or business.
She discussed the project with her colleagues.
deplete
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Use up the supply or resources of.
Overfishing can deplete fish stocks.
dangerous
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Able or likely to cause harm or injury.
The roads are dangerous during the storm.
obtain
especially information).
acquire
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Get
or secure (something
exert
influence
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Apply or bring to bear (a force
He exerted his authority over the team.
or quality).
interpret
words
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Explain the meaning of (information
The data can be interpreted in several ways.
or actions).
department
dealing with a specific sphere of activity.
university
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A division of a large organization such as a government
or business
existence
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The fact or state of living or having objective reality.
The existence of life on other planets is a mystery.
encountered
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Unexpectedly experience or be faced with (something difficult or hostile).
They encountered difficulties during the project.
drive
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Operate and control the direction and speed of a motor vehicle.
He drives to work every day.
abstract
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Existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence.
Love is an abstract concept.
disciplines
Mathematics and physics are separate disciplines.
typically one studied in higher education.
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A branch of knowledge
disadvantages
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An unfavorable circumstance or condition that reduces the chances of success or effectiveness.
There are disadvantages to living in a big city.
juvenile
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Young or immature.
Juvenile birds have different plumage.
prospect
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The possibility or likelihood of some future event occurring.
There is a prospect of rain tomorrow.
peek
She took a peek at the present.
typically in a furtive manner.
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Look quickly
expedition
or war.
especially that of exploration
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A journey undertaken by a group of people with a particular purpose
research
stem
The flower has a long stem.
typically rising above ground level.
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The main body or stalk of a plant or shrub
bolted
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Fasten with a bolt.
The door was bolted shut.
deposit
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A sum of money placed or kept in a bank account or elsewhere.
She made a deposit into her savings account.
sheer
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Nothing other than; unmitigated (used for emphasis).
The sheer size of the building was impressive.
embed
commencer à apprendre
Fix (an object) firmly and deeply in a surrounding mass.
The bullet was embedded in the wall.
swabs
or taking specimens.
used for cleaning wounds
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A pad of cotton wool or other absorbent material attached to one or both ends of a short stick
applying medication
brink
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The edge or verge of a steep place.
They stood on the brink of the cliff.
remnant
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A small remaining quantity of something.
The remnants of the fire were still smoldering.
exorbitant
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Unreasonably high.
The prices were exorbitant.
enigma
puzzling
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A person or thing that is mysterious
The ancient artifact is an enigma.
or difficult to understand.
opus
His latest opus was a symphony.
usually ordered by date of publication.
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A musical composition or set of compositions by a particular composer
smirk
conceited
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Smile in an irritatingly smug
He smirked at his opponent's mistake.
or silly way.
upwelling
magma
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A rising of seawater
The upwelling of nutrients supports marine life.
or other liquid.
colloquial
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Used in ordinary or familiar conversation; not formal or literary.
The conversation was colloquial.
colleague
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A person with whom one works in a profession or business.
She discussed the project with her colleague.
arduously
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Involving or requiring strenuous effort; difficult and tiring.
He worked arduously to complete the project.
clinch
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Confirm or settle (a contract or bargain).
They clinched the deal.
camouflage
The soldiers used camouflage to blend into the forest.
especially in warfare.
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Concealment or disguise
arbitration
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The use of an arbitrator to settle a dispute.
They agreed to settle the dispute through arbitration.
expense
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The cost incurred or required for something.
The expense of the trip was high.
hinge
gate
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A movable joint on which a door
The door swung open on its hinges.
or lid swings as it opens and closes.
anticipate
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Regard as probable; expect or predict.
They anticipate a rise in demand.
bystander
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A person who is present at an event or incident but does not take part.
A bystander witnessed the accident.
convinced
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Completely certain about something.
She was convinced of his innocence.
tribute
respect
statement
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An act
or admiration.
or gift that is intended to show gratitude
craftsman
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A worker skilled in a particular craft.
The craftsman made beautiful furniture.
diverse
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Showing a great deal of variety; very different.
The city has a diverse population.
develop
advanced
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Grow or cause to grow and become more mature
The company plans to develop new products.
or elaborate.
century
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A period of one hundred years.
The 20th century saw many technological advances.
judicial
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Relating to courts of law or judges.
The judicial system is based on law.
deliberate
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Done consciously and intentionally.
The decision was deliberate.
evolution
The theory of evolution explains the development of life.
especially from a simple to a more complex form.
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The gradual development of something
bare
Example
Definition
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Not clothed or coveredWord
blank
consensus
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General agreement.
There was a consensus among the committee members.
companion
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A person or animal with whom one spends a lot of time or travels with.
My dog is my loyal companion.
notion
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A conception of or belief about something.
He had a notion that something was wrong.
devoid
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Entirely lacking or free from.
The room was devoid of furniture.
ensure
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Make certain that (something) will occur or be the case.
Please ensure that all the doors are locked.
rational
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Based on or in accordance with reason or logic.
He made a rational decision.
enhance
value
increase
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Intensify
or extent of.
or further improve the quality
dominance
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Power or influence over others.
The company established its dominance in the market.
anxious
unease
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Experiencing worry
She was anxious about the upcoming exam.
or nervousness.
companions
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A person or animal with whom one spends a lot of time or travels with (plural).
They were close companions.
collective
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Done by people acting as a group.
The team made a collective effort.
conservation
natural ecosystems
protection
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Preservation
vegetation
or restoration of the natural environment
endangered
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Seriously at risk of extinction.
The panda is an endangered species.
constitution
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A body of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is acknowledged to be governed.
The country's constitution guarantees freedom of speech.
journal
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A periodical publication containing scholarly articles or news and information relating to a particular subject.
He published his findings in a scientific journal.
wonder
unfamiliar
caused by something beautiful
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A feeling of surprise mingled with admiration
or inexplicable.
unexpected
federal
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Relating to or denoting the central government as distinguished from the separate units constituting a federation.
The federal government provides funding for education.
enabling
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Giving someone or something the authority or means to do something; making possible.
The new technology is enabling faster communication.

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