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commencer à apprendre

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question		réponse
Founder of modern structuralist linguistics commencer à apprendre		Ferdinand de Saussure
Two components of a linguistic sign commencer à apprendre		Signifier (form/sound) and Signified (concept/meaning)
Meaning of “langue” commencer à apprendre		The abstract system of a language (rules and structure shared by a speech community)
What generates meaning? commencer à apprendre		Differences and relationships between linguistic elements (not individual words alone)
Best description of functional linguistics commencer à apprendre		Language is shaped by its communicative functions and use in context
“Can you pass the salt?” functions as commencer à apprendre		A request
Participant who performs the action (Role and Reference Grammar) commencer à apprendre		Actor
Undergoer in “The dog chased the cat” commencer à apprendre		The cat
Why use passive voice? commencer à apprendre		To omit the agent, focus on the result, or when the agent is unknown/irrelevant
Purpose of Formal Language Theory commencer à apprendre		To describe language using formal rules, grammars, and mathematical models
Dependency in “neither... nor” commencer à apprendre		Correlative (paired) dependency
Why regular languages are insufficient commencer à apprendre		They cannot handle hierarchical and recursive structures
Definition of Universal grammar commencer à apprendre		An innate set of linguistic principles shared by all humans
Words heard by age 5 commencer à apprendre		around 30 milion
Scholars arguing languages differ fundamentally commencer à apprendre		Functionalists / usage-based theorists (e.g., Michael Tomasello)
Alternative to Universal Grammar commencer à apprendre		Usage-based / emergentist approaches to language acquisition

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