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derivatives

a financial product such as an option (= the right to buy or sell something in the future) that has a value based on the value of another product, such as shares or bonds

futures

agreements for the buying and selling of goods, in which the price is agreed before a particular future time at which the goods will be provided

option

an agreement that can be bought and sold, that gives the owner the right to decide whether to buy or sell shares, bonds, etc. for a fixed price within an agreed time period or on a particular date

underlying

used to describe the shares, etc. to which something such as an option (= the right to buy or sell something in the future) relates

speculation

the act of buying something hoping that its value will increase and then selling at this higher price in order to make a profit