Legal

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Acquisition
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A process of buying one company by another.
Adjustment
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to change something slightly, especially to make it more correct, effective, or suitable
Administration order
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A decision of the court of justice that formally opens an administration process of an insolvent company.
Asset
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Something valuable that can be used to pay for the debts.
Audit
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an official inspection of the company's accounts
Auditor
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someone whose job is to carry out an official examination of the accounts of a business and to produce a report
Bail
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money paid for releasing someone from prison
Bail out
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help somebody with problems especially financial
Balance sheet
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a statement that shows the value of a company's assets and its debts
Bankruptcy code
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american set of rules for dealing with bankruptcy
Bankruptcy court
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a special court that deals with situations in which a business or a person becomes unable to pay their debts, and is officially bankrupt
Board of directors
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group of people elected for governing a company or organization
Capital reserve
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an amount of money that a company or organization keeps in a special account for future needs
Catch someone unawares
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to surprise someone
Chairman
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person in charge of a meeting of the board
Collapse
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to fall down suddenly because of pressure or having no strength or support
Collateral
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An item of value that is pledged to guarantee repayment of a loan
Commencement
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Synonym – beginning, start
Compensation
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Money given to someone in order to make up for a loss, a damage etc...
Consumer price index
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A list of the prices of some ordinary goods and services which shows how much these prices change each month
Credit rating
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A tool that banks and financial service providers use to assess how likely you are to be able to honour your debt
Creditor
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it is a person or a company to whom money is owed to
Debt relief
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when bank or a government tells a person, a company, or a government that they do not have to pay back the money they owe
Debtor
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Someone who owes money; sometimes called "borrower".
Deduction
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It is an amount of money calculated and subtracted from a total.
Default on payment
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Failure to make a loan payment or other monetary obligation at a proper time.
Deterioration
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It is a constant process of becoming worse
Dissolution
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the last stage of liquidation, the process by which a company (or part of a company) is brought to and end.
Dissolve
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to end an official organization or a legal arrangement
Distraint
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to take and sell property from someone who owes you money in order to pay back their debt
Downturn
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a decline in economic or business activity
Draw on
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start using a supply of something
Due diligence
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Action which is reasonable to be taken in order to secure their property or any other asset.
Expenditure
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the amount of money spent
foreclosure
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is a legal process in which a lender takes back property that was bought with borrowed money because the money was not being paid back as agreed
Go under
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fail financially and stop operating
Going into administration
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process, in which your company is being taken under the management of a court appointed
administrator
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who must be a licensed insolvency practitioner
Invoice finance
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general term used to describe the process of selling invoices for a percentage of their value.
inheritable
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capable of being transmitted by heredity from one generation to a later one
Insolvency
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dition in which a company doesn't have enough money to pay debts, buy goods etc.
Insurance
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It is an agreement with a company to provide compensation for specified loss.
Intangible assets
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something valuable that a company has that is not material, such as a good reputation
Knock-down price
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A price that is very low; very cheap.
Lease
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To make a legal agreement by which money is paid for using a building, a vehicle, land, or a piece of equipment for a stated period of time.
Lender
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institution or a person that lends money
Lessee
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person who pays to use property owned by someone else
Liability
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something that you owe to somebody, i.e. a mortgage, loan payment credit/store cards.
Liquidation
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the process of closing a business, so that its assets can be sold to pay its debts
Liquidator
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A person in charge of closing a company.
loophole
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It is a small mistake in legal system or in an agreement. People exploit loopholes in order to do something that would be otherwise illegal.
Management
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Managpeople who are in control of a company or an organizationement
Moratorium
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legally authorized period of delay in the performance of a legal obligation or the payment of a debt
Non-core activities
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activity which is not the main revenue source of the business
Outstanding debt
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a debt that has not yet been repaid in full
over-reliance
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too much dependence on something
Overwhelmingly
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absolutely, definitely or extraordinarily
Payable
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required or able to be paid.
Petition
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to make an appeal to an authority
Preferential creditor
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Is an individual or organization that has priority in being paid the money it is owed if the debtor declares bankruptcy
Principle
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An idea which is used as a basis for a system of belief.
Proceeds
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Cash received from a sale or a particular activity, after all expenses and taxes are deducted.
Reassemble
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to rebuild something; to bring something together by joining its parts
Reliance
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it means trust or dependence.
Repayment
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the act of repaying someone or something
Reservations
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Having second thoughts. Having doubts
Residual assets
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assets after all secured obligations have been paid. (assets that remain after sufficient assets are dedicated to meet all senior debt holders' claims in full).
Restructure
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to change the organisation of something
Risk management
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process of identifying threats and taking actions to counter those threats
ruling
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It is an official decision or statement made by a judge or court
Scope
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the relevant area of something
Secured creditor
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an organization that has lent money under an agreement that they can take particular assets from the borrower if the money is not paid back
Severance
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Money paid for the last time by employer to an employee whose job is going to an end.; a termination of something, for example dissolution of an employment contract.
Statutory accounts
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set of financial reports prepared at the end of each financial year
Strike off
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is a process by which a company is removed from the register and dissolved
Student loan
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Special type of loan, which helps students with paying up for their tuition, books and supplies, and living expenses and other fees.
Subsidiary
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a company that is owned by a larger company
surplus
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It is an amount that is more than is needed
Takeover
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term used to define taking control by using force
Timber
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trees that are grown so that the wood from them can be used for building
to assess
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-to judge something based on a certain set of information; to estimate
to go under
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to go into liquidation; to stop operating (as a company);
To sell off
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a sale of a business, particular assets, etc. at a low price to encourage someone to buy it; or a sale of an investment, such as shares in a company, that causes its value to fall
Trademark
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symbol placed by a producer on the goods made by it, referring to the producer, composed of words, drawings or numbers, etc.
Trustee
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is a person appointed to represent the debtor's estate in a bankruptcy proceeding.
Unawares
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suddenly and unexpectedly without any warning
Venture
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a new activity, usually in business, that involves risk or uncertainty
Ward off
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to prevent someone or something from happening or affecting someone
Warehouse
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commercial building of company used for storing things before they are sold or used
Winding- up
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Closing a business, investment. Liquidation of a company
Withhold
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to keep something back, suppress or hide
Working capital
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The money needed to run a business from day to day
Write off
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To officially say, that someone doesn't have to pay an amount of money they owe

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