Environmental Aspects

CO2

CO2 emissions, global warming

1-Impact on The Environment

Emission of CO2 is the consequence of the combustion of fuel

2-Impact on The Environment

About 22% of these emissions come from fuel combustion in the transport sector of which road traffic contributes 95%, domestic aviation and domestic navigation about 2% each and railways about 1%.

3-Impact on The Environment

Shipping have an impact on the marine environment through waste, oil spill, the emission of grey and black water

4-Impact on The Environment

Noise is a large problem with air transport, as well as with rail and road transport and in some cases, ports.

5-Impact on The Environment

Other aspects include barrier effects and land use.

1-Road Transport

1-drogowy transport

2-Road Transport

2-drogowy transport

3-Road Transport

3-drogowy transport

4-Road Transport

4-drogowy transport

1-Rail Transpor

Transpor 1-Rail

2-Rail Transpor

Transpor 2-Rail

3-Rail Transpor

Transpor 3-Rail

1-Waterborne Transport

Container ships and RoRo are most popular types of ships for intermodal transport.

2-Waterborne Transport

Container ships used for trans-ocean shipping and for short sea shipping, RoRo ships are mostly for short sea shipping.

3-Waterborne Transport

Ships for intermodal transport operate on schedules, operate at high speed, emission regulation for international shipping is decided by IMO.

4-Waterborne Transport

Heavy fuel oil (HFO) the dominating maritime fuel.

5-Waterborne Transport

lower speeds to save the cost of fuel.

6-Waterborne Transport

Inland waterway. These ships are usually operated at low speeds. In Europe, there are special regulations on the emissions to air and the quality.

7-Waterborne Transport

Several tools for calculate the environmental performance • The load factor and the utilisation of available space.

8-Waterborne Transport

When assessing the climate impact of vehicles and vessels, the size and type of ship is important for the results • For trains, the main factor is the energy form used.

1-What can be done to minimise the negative impact on the environment from intermodal transport systems?

1-Co można zrobić, aby zminimalizować negatywny wpływ intermodalnych systemów transportu na środowisko?

2-What can be done to minimise the negative impact on the environment from intermodal transport systems?

is to replace fossil fuels with biofuels.

3-What can be done to minimise the negative impact on the environment from intermodal transport systems?

reduce the vessel speed.

4-What can be done to minimise the negative impact on the environment from intermodal transport systems?

reduced through measures to reduce empty trips and increase the load factors.

5-What can be done to minimise the negative impact on the environment from intermodal transport systems?

use of electricity, use of natural gas and applying exhaust gas after treatment methods. -Trucks fulfilling the Euro VI standards.