DNA/Genetics

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question English réponse English
DNA structure
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DNA is to nucleotide polymer is wrapped around each other. Covalent bonds hold the sugar phosphate backbone together. Hydrogen bonds hold the two strands together.
DNA replication
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DNA needs to be copied in interphase before cell division. Copied by semi-conservative replication. 3 main enzymes are Helicase DNA Polymerase and Ligase. DNA is synthesized by dehydration synthesis.
helicase
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unwinds and separates the DNA strands
DNA polymerase
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adds new nucleotides to each of the two strands
ligase
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closest gaps in backbone
transcription process
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initiation, RNA elongation, stop elongation
initiation
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separate DNA strands and bind RNA polymerase at promoter
RNA elongation
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RNA elongation Anglais
by RNA polymerase. Adds bases complementary to the DNA strand it is reading

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