callan stage 10 - part2

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question réponse
pod (czymś), poniżej (czegoś)
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beneath
poważny, sumienny
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earnest
wyczerpać się, kończyć się
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run short of
zupełnie, razem, całkiem
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altogether
Biorąc wszystko pod uwagę, czy myślisz?
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Taking things altogether, do you think?
gryźć (PARADIGM)
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bite – bit – bitten
pewność siebie
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self-confidence
w zaufaniu, w sekrecie
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in confidence, in secret
wlec (się), ciągnąć
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drag
przenośny, w przenośni
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figurative, in a figurative sense
chcieć powiedzieć
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mean to say
ociągać się, pozostawać w tyle
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fall behind
kawałek, odrobina, trochę
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bit
zbliżyć się, nadejść, dać spokój
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come on
Niezależnie co robisz, nie wciągaj mnie do tej kłótni.
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Whatever you do, don't drag me into the argument.
błysk, błyskać się
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flash
błyskawica
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lightning
grzmot
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a thunder
burza
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thunderstorm
zbliżać się
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to approach
grzmot się rozlega
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thunder roll
upłynąć (czas)
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pass (time)
jeszcze raz
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once again / once more
poślizgnąć się
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slip
ślizgać się (3 formy)
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slide - slid - slid
trzask, grzmot /
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crash
zgnieść, rozgnieść
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crush
drobny, lekki, nieznaczny
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light, little, unimportant / slight
podczas gdy, chwila
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while, a while
AS - AND ITS DIFFERENT USES
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1) "when" or "while" 2) Used to show a reason for something 3) "in the same way" exactly as 4) It is not as (or so) easy as it appears. 5) "the same... as", 6) "such ... as", 7) Used when giving examples, e.g. We study all sorts of subjects, such as
1) As I was coming to school it was raining. 2) As Mr. Green has not arrived yet, let us go and 3) Try and do it exactly as I have done it 4). It is not as (or so) easy as it appears. 5) His hair is the same colour as mine 6) He's such bad as he...
spodek, podstawka
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saucer
obrus
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a tablecloth
zwiędnąć, wypłowieć
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fade
węzeł, supeł
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knot
rozluźnić się
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relax, work loose
rozpiąć, cofnąć
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undo
nie zrobiony, nie załatwiony
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undone
rzadki, ograniczony / deficytowy
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scarce
odzyskać
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regain
świadomość
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consciousness
strumień krwi
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bloodstream
denerwować, dokuczyć, irytować
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annoy, annoy, irritate
przejść
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PASS (change)
nieinteresujący
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uninteresting
którykolwiek
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whichever
jakiś, który, jakikolwiek
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any
jakiś, konkretny
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some
oklaskiwać, bić brawo
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applaud
oklaski, aplauz
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applause
klaskać
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clap
ostrze, źdźbło
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blade
łopatka{na plecach}
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shoulder-blade
wiosło
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an oar
BLADE 4 znaczenia
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1) a blade of a knife, a sword or a razor 2) a blade of grass 3) a shoulder-blade, or 4) a blade of an oar; that is, generally speaking, something which is flat and shaped like these objects
bolący
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sore
odpędzać, popędzać, odstraszać, poruszać
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drive away
przeciążyć, zedrzeć (pieniądze)
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overcharge
smutek, żal
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sorrow
lubić, być zwolennikiem
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fond of
I'm fond of...
wycierać
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wipe
You're wiping your forehead with the back of your hand.
czoło
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forehead
dywanik
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a rug
kwaśny, cierpki
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sour
dojrzały (owoc)
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ripe (fruit)
niedojrzały (owoc)
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unripe (of fruit)
przejrzały (o owocu)
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overripe (about fruit)
mianować, ustanowić
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appoint
dwór/trybunał królewski
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king's court
prostokątny
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rectangular
oswojony, domowy
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tame
brzeg, wał (rzeki)
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bank
We call the sides of a river "the banks"
wreszcie (w pozytywnym sensie)
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at last
We do not use "at last" in negative sentences; "At last, we managed to get the tin open"
poświęcić, wolny, zapasowy
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spare
1) He cant spare the money to buy himself a new suit. 2) What do you do in your spare time? 3) Why do we carry a spare wheel in a car?
przebicie
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puncture
We carry a spare wheel so that, if we get a puncture in any of the four we are using, we can change it immediately.
dzielić, oddzielić
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part (v)
What do we mean by "a fool and his money are soon parted"?
głupiec, oszukać
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fool
Yes, I've been fooled by someone ... or... No, nobody has ever fooled me
rozlać (3 formy)
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spill – spilt – spilt (or spill – spilled – spilled)
When we pour too much water into a glass some of the water spills over the edge of the glass. What does it mean: "there's no use crying over spilt milk"?
poprzedni, ostatni
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former, latter
pierwszy z nich ... drugi z nich
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the former ... the latter / the first of them ... the second of them
When we say "Paris and Rome are capital cities; the former is in France whilst the latter is in Italy", we mean that the first mentioned is in France whilst the second mentioned is in Italy.
powstawać, pojawiać się
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arise
When an argument arises, what do you do? - do you back out of it before it gets too heated, or do you go into it with pleasure?
wycofać się
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back out
cofnąć, poprzeć, wzmacniać
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back (v)
trzasnąć, pęknięcie
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crack
Age, dampness, dryness or bad workmanship can cause cracks in walls and ceilings
wykonanie
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workmanship
wilgoć
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dampness
suchość
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dryness
bat, chłostać
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whip
The driver of a horse and cart crack his whip to make his horse go faster without actually having to hit the horse.
kręcić, prząść, obrócić (3 formy)
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spin – spun – spun
spin a coin
suszarka do ubrań
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spin drier
naprzód (w j. pisanym i mówionym)
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forth means forward (written) out(spoken) bring forth/out-wydobywa/uwydatnia, set forth/out - przedstawić
The writer set forth his arguments with great skill
miejsce, punkt
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spot
1) We sometimes call a dog "SPOT" because it has a coloured spot somewhere on its coat. If, for example, it's a white dog, it might have a black spot in the middle of its back ... etc. 2) What kind of spot do you prefer for a picnic?
planować
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arrange
1)"Which shop in this place do you think arranges its goods in its windows the best, and which do you think arranges its goods the worst?" 2) DOES A FAMOUS ACTOR, SINGER OR ENTERTAINER GENERALLY MAKE HIS OWN ARRANGEMENTS...
zrobić plan
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make an arrangement
zamówić, rezerwować, umówić
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book
w każdym razie
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anyway
naczynie
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vessel
A vessel is any kind of container, such as a cup, a bottle, a drum etc. We also call a ship a vessel, and also have "blood-vessels" in the body.
ciepło
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warmth
WHAT'S THE NOUN OF THE ADJECTIVE "WARM"?
tymczasem
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meanwhile
James was still eating, so meanwhile, I decided to finish the little piece of sewing I still had to do
dziobrać, dziób
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peck, beak
When we say that A CHICKEN PECKS THE GROUND we mean that it picks up food from the ground with its beak
uprzejmość, zazdrość
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politeness, jealousy
schludnie
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neatly
We piled neatly one on top of the other.
kufel piwa
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a pint of beer
kloc, blok, blokować
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block
1) WHAT CAN WE USE A BLOCK OF WOOD FOR? We can use a block of wood for putting under the wheels of a car to stop it running down hill... under the leg of a table which is not level... etc. 2) WHY DO THE POLICE SOMETIMES BLOCK A ROAD?
wyskakiwać (3 formy)
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spring - sprang - sprung
sprężyna, wiosna
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spring, spring
niespodzianka w pudełku
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A "Jack-in-the-box" is one of those surprise boxes in which there is a head made of paper, or some such material, fixed on a spring, so that when someone, curious to know what is inside,
unfastens the lid of the box, the head suddenly springs out and makes the person jump with fright.
odpinać(pas w samochodzie), rozpinać(płaszcz, zamek), rozwiązywać(linę), odryglowywać (zasuwa, zatrzask)
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unfasten (seat belt, coat, zip, rope, latch)
przedmiot, artykuł
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article - ABOUT HOW MANY ARTICLES WOULD YOU SAY THERE WERE IN THIS ROOM? I'd say there were about... articles in this room
WHAT KIND OF PEOPLE WRITE ARTICLES IN NEWSPAPERS? The kind of people who ... are professional writers, or people who have special knowledge of particular subjects ... etc.
śmiały, zuchwały, pogrubiony
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bold -The word "bold" is similar in meaning to the word "brave"; both have the meaningof courageous, without fear etc., but, like so many words which are similar in meaning, they are often used differently. "Bold" we use more with
the meaning of being confident and going forward without fear of danger; whereas one can be brave without even moving - for example, when face to face with one's dentist, or when suffering from an illness that has no remedy, or when facing the possibility
odważny, mężny
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courageous
uwięzić, uwięzienie
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imprison, imprisonment
lekarstwo, środek
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remedy
uderzający, zdumiewający
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striking
bejcować, plama
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stain ...(BETWEEN "TO PAINT A TABLE" AND "TO STAIN A TABLE")
The difference ... is that paint does not enter into the woodwork of the table, but forms a covering or coat, which can be scraped off. Stain, on the other hand, is a thinner liquid which enters into the woodwork and colours it
stolarka, drewno
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woodwork
pralnia chemiczna
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DRY CLEANER'S
skradać się, pełzać (3 formy)
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creep - crept - crept 1) The thief s hand crept across the table to steal the woman's handbag.
The word "creep" means either to move like a snake with the body close to the ground, or just to move slowly and cautiously. 2) Because the road was blocked, the cars were creeping slowly forward
na górze, na dole (schodów)
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upstairs, downstairs
przejście, korytarz, ustęp (tekstu), fragment
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passage (corridor, paragraph (text), fragment)
A passage is a very narrow way, generally between two houses, or inside a house, like a corridor. We can also use the word with the meaning of "sea passage", or with the meaning of a short extract taken from a speech or a piece of writing.
urywek, fragment
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EXTRACT
sterować, kierować
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steer
WHAT AM I PRETENDING TO DO?/ You're pretending to steer a car, a bicycle or a ship
na bok, na boku
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aside
The word "aside" means "on one side" or "to one side". DO YOU PUT MONEY ASIDE EACH WEEK FOR ANY SPECIAL PURPOSE? Yes, I put money aside ... for a special purpose ... or... No, I don't...
odciągnąć na bok
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draw aside
AT A PARTY, WHAT DOES IT MEAN WHEN A MAN DRAWS ANOTHER MAN ASIDE FROM THE REST OF THE CROWD?/ At a party, when a ... it means he has something to say to him that he does not want the others to hear...
przykleić, trzymać się, wetknąć, wbijać (3 formy)
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STICK-STUCK-STUCK
We stick a stamp on an envelope. We stick a pin into two pieces of paper or cloth to hold them together. We also use a type of pin for pinning notices onto notice-boards ... WHAT DO WE MEAN WHEN WE SAY A MAN STICKS TO HIS OPINIONS ?/
granica, skraj, graniczyć
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border
ARE THE POLICE ALLOWED TO FOLLOW A CRIMINAL ACROSS THE BORDERS OF THEIR OWN COUNTRY INTO ANOTHER COUNTRY? WHAT DO WE GENERALLY FIND ALONG THE BORDERS OF A FIELD?/ We generally find a hedge or a fence along the...
pleść, tkać (3 formy)
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weave – wove – woven
You're weaving the first finger of your right hand over and under the fingers of your left. WHAT KIND OF THINGS DO WE MAKE BY WEAVING? We make cloth, baskets etc. by weaving
po otrzymaniu
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ON RECEIPT OF
On receipt of the news,/ given us by an eye-witness,/ that our side had won the battle,/ there was great rejoicing/ in the streets.
sztywny
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stiff
The word "stiff* means "not easily bent", like a stiff piece of wire, or a stiff neck from reading too long; or it can mean "not easily worked", like a stiff paste. We can also use the word figuratively. For example, "The man had a stiff manner".
zadziwiać, zdumiewać
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ASTONISH
WHAT DO PEOPLE SAY AND DO WHEN THEY ARE ASTONISHED?/ When people are astonished, they open their eyes, and perhaps their mouths, wide, raise their hands and say something like "Good heavens!"
ograniczyć
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BOUND
IS SPAIN BOUNDED ON ALL SIDES BY THE SEA? No, Spain isn't... but a lot of it is
zakaz przekraczania
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OUT OF BOUNDS
WHAT DOES IT MEAN WHEN WE SEE A SIGN SAYING "OUT OF BOUNDS"? When we see a... it means it is forbidden to go beyond that point...
granica/graniczny
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boundary
HOW DOES ONE GENERALLY MARK THE BOUNDARY OF ONE'S PROPERTY?/ One generally marks ... with a boundary-wall, fence, hedge etc...
uczucie
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SENSATION
FROM WHAT ELSE DO WE GET A STINGING SENSATION?/ We get a stinging sensation when someone slaps our face, or when we cut ourselves and have to put some iodine on the cut to clean it... etc
lok, kłębić, zwinąć się w kłębek
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curl -WHAT DO WE CALL A PIECE OF HAIR THAT FORMS THE SHAPE OF A RING?
We call a piece of hair that ... a curl CAN SMOKE CURL UPWARDS WHEN THERE'S A STRONG WIND? No, smoke can't curl... WHY NOT? Because the wind straightens the smoke out and sends it flying across the sky...
dom handlowy, magazynować, zapas
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store -A store is a shop which sells a great variety of goods. It can either be a very large shop in the city, which sells food, clothes, furniture and almost anything you can think of; or it can be a shop in a village, which sells all sorts of articles
thatThePeopleInThe village might need-that is, anything from eggs to shoesThe word"store"is often used in the plural. The verb"to store"means to collect and keep for future use, whilst the noun"store"means a collection of something or other for future use
żywność w puszkach
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TINNED FOOD
DO YOU (OR YOUR MOTHER OR YOUR WIFE) KEEP A STORE OF TINNED FOOD AT HOME? Yes, I keep a ... or ... No, I don't...
próba
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attempt
WAS MOUNT EVEREST CONQUERED AT THE FIRST ATTEMPT?/ No ... but many teams of mountaineers had attempted to climb it for many years before it was finally conquered...
taternik, alpinista
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mountaineer
łuk, kokarda
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bow
The noun "bow" and the verb "bow" are different in pronunciation. A "bow" (n) we use for firing arrows, and to describe anything which is bow-shaped, such as a "bow tie" or a "rainbow";
kłaniać się, schylać się
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bow
whilst the word "bow" (v) means to bend the body into the shape of a "bow" (n), for example, when one bows before the king. WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN "BOW" (n) AND "BOW" (v) ?/
muszka (na szyję)
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bow tie (on the neck)
piec/kuchenka
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a stove
działać na
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run on
A stove can either be used for heating or for cooking, and can run on gas, electricity or wood etc. WHAT DO WE USE A STOVE FOR, AND WHAT DO WE RUN IT ON?
aktualny, bieżący
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current
The word "current", apart from meaning the current of a river or of the sea, is also used with the meaning of current events, and current opinions etc.
rozciągać(wydłużać), naprężyć, wyciągać się
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stretch, stretch out
The basic meaning of the word "stretch" is "extend". You're stretching yourself. You're stretching out your hand to take something. You're trying to stretch your tie, pullover, dress etc. HOW FAR DOES THE ROAD OUTSIDE THIS BUILDING STRETCH?
niezręczny, niezgrabny, niewygodny
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awkward
The basic meaning of the word "awkward" is "difficult" or "having little skill". The reasons some people are AWKWARD IN THEIR MOVEMENTS could be many and various. Perhaps they are suffering from an illness, or perhaps as a child they played very...
kredens, szafka
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cupboard
WHAT'S THE MOST AWKWARD THING YOU HAVE AT HOME-THAT IS, THE MOST DIFFICULT THING TO USE, LIKE A CUPBOARD THAT WON'T OPEN PROPERLY?/ The most awkward ... is...
zakłopotać
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embarrass
WHAT HAS BEEN THE MOST AWKWARD MOMENT OF YOUR LIFE, THAT IS, THE MOST EMBARRASSING MOMENT? The most awkward ... was...
studnia
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well
WHAT DO WE CALL A HOLE IN THE GROUND FROM WHICH WE GET WATER? We call a hole in ... a well
maleć, spadać
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decrease
WHAT'S THE OPPOSITE OF THE WORD "INCREASE"? The opposite of... "decrease"
wahlować, wiatrak, fan, kibic
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fan
WHAT AM I DOING? You're fanning yourself with your book ARE YOU A FAN OF ANY FOOTBALL CLUB (OR FILM STAR ETC.)?/ Yes, I'm a fan ... or... No, I'm not a...
skalisty/chwiejny, stok
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rocky, hillside
TELL ME SOMETHING ABOUT GOATS (DESCRIBE THEM ETC.). Goats have two horns, a beard, give milk, often live on mountains or rocky hillsides...
szczypać, szczypta
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pinch
WHAT AM I DOING? You're pinching your cheek WHY DID WOMEN IN THE OLD DAYS SOMETIMES PINCH THEIR CHEEKS? Women in the old ... pinched their cheeks in order to bring some colour to their faces
proponować, zamierzać
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propose, intend
"To propose" means to suggest or to intend, e.g. "This is the plan I propose", or, "Next year they propose to go to Ireland for their holiday." WHAT DOES "TO PROPOSE" MEAN? "To propose" means ... GIVE ME AN EXAMPLE OF EACH, PLEASE
przyśpieszać, śpieszyć, pędzić
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hasten
The river descended slowly/ through a kind of chalk basin/ and only began/ to hasten itself/ when joined by a second river./
huśtać, kołysać (3 formy)
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SWING - SWUNG - SWUNG
tam i z powrotem
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TO AND FRO
WHAT AM I DOING? You're swinging your pen to and fro; holding it between your finger and thumb WHAT'S MY PEN DOING? Your pen's swinging to and fro...
miska, cukierniczka
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bowl, sugar-bowl
WHEN WE PUT SUGAR ON THE TABLE, WHAT DO WE CALL THE CONTAINER IT'S IN? When we put... a sugar-bowl
figlarność, swawolność
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playfulness
łamigłówka, układanka
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puzzle, jigsaw
tektura, karton
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cardboard
krzyżówka
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a crossword
wskazówka, trop
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clue
zabawa
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fun
The word "fun" means amusement; sport; playfulness etc. For example, "It was nothing serious; we just did it for fun." WHAT DOES THE WORD' "FUN" MEAN? - AND GIVE ME AN EXAMPLE. The word ... "Our dog enjoys all kinds of fun and games"
zabawny, śmieszny, dziwny
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funny - The word "funny" has two meanings, either "amusing", in which case we laugh or smile, for example, "Charlie Chaplin made some very funny films"; or "strange", in which case we look puzzled, for example, "It's very funny that
we haven't received a letter from Richard for over a week. I wonder what has happened" / The word ... "He looks so funny; I can't keep a straight face whenever I look at him" ... "It's very funny weather we're having for this time of year"
kląć, przysięgać (3 formy)
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swear, swear-swore-sworn- Before a witness gives evidence in an English court of law, he is obliged to put his hand on a copy of the Bible, or on a book of his own religion, and say, "I swear to tell the truth,
the whole truth and nothing but the truth, so help me God."/Another meaning of the verb "swear" is to use bad language. For example, some people swear when they are angry or hurt.
bez tchu
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out of breath
WHY DO PEOPLE GET OUT OF BREATH? People get out of breath through running, climbing the stairs ... etc.
rozebrać, pasek (np. papieru)
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strip, strip (e.g. paper)
WHAT'S ANOTHER WORD FOR "UNDRESS"? Another word ... is "strip" WHAT AM 1 ABOUT TO DO? You're about to tear a strip of paper out of your book...
pasek, pasiasty
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stripe, striped
DO YOU PREFER A STRIPED TIE OR A SPOTTED ONE?/ I prefer a ... WHAT DOES IT MEAN WHEN WE SAY A SERGEANT IS STRIPPED OF HIS STRIPES? When we say a ... we mean that he has done something wrong and in consequence loses his stripes and rank of sergeant
wybuchnąć, wysadzić
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burst
WHAT AM I PRETENDING TO DO? You're pretending to blow up a paper bag and burst it
rozpłakać się
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BURST INTO TEARS
WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN "TO CRY" AND "TO BURST INTO TEARS"?/ The difference ... is that a person can cry without trying to control himself, whilst one generally bursts into tears after having tried to control oneself...
puchnać, przybrać (3 formy)
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swell – swelled – swelled (or swell – swelled – swollen)
WHAT USUALLY HAPPENS TO THAT AREA OF THE BODY WHERE A BEE OR SOME OTHER INSECT HAS STUNG US? That area of the body where ... usually swells WHAT HAPPENS WHEN A RIVER SWELLS AND BURSTS ITS BANKS? When a river ... the land around becomes flooded...
opuchlizna
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swelling
WHAT DO WE DO WITH THE SWELLING? We either do nothing and let it go away by itself or put something on it - a cream or something...
Po myciu, w co wycierasz ręce?
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After washing, what do you wipe your hands with(on)?
nastrój, nastawienie
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frame of mind
CAN YOU THINK OF ANOTHER USE OF THE WORD "FRAME"? Yes, I can think ... the frame of the human body WHAT FRAME OF MIND DO YOU USUALLY FEEL IN WHEN YOU GO TO WORK (OR TO SCHOOL)? I usually feel in a... frame of mind when...
gruda, guz, kostka
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lump
DO YOU PREFER SOUP WITH LUMPS OF MEAT AND VEGETABLES IN IT, OR DO YOU PREFER JUST PLAIN SOUP ?/
płytki, powierzchowny
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shallow
WHAT'S THE CONTRARY OF "DEEP"? The contrary of... is shallow
trenować, szkolić
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train
HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO TRAIN A DOCTOR? It takes about... years to train...
taca
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a tray
WHAT DO WE USE A TRAY FOR? We use a tray to carry cups and saucers etc., on...
glina
commencer à apprendre
clay
WHAT DO WE MAKE WITH CLAY? We make cups, saucers, bowls etc. with clay
urzędnik
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a clerk
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY A CLERK?/ By a clerk we usually mean a man who works with a pen in an office...
hak
commencer à apprendre
hook
WHAT DO WE USE A HOOK FOR? We use a hook for hanging things on; or we use it on the end of a line for catching fish with...
rezygnować
commencer à apprendre
resign
WHY DOES ONE RESIGN FROM ONE'S POST? One resigns from one's post either because one has done something wrong, or because one doesn't agree with the people one has to work with...
drżeć
commencer à apprendre
tremble
WHAT'S MY HAND DOING? Your hand's trembling WHAT MAKES PEOPLE TREMBLE? Fear makes people tremble
rów
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ditch
WHY DO THEY OFTEN PUT A DITCH ROUND A FIELD? They often put a ... to take away the excess water from the field...
ciasto
commencer à apprendre
pastry
"Paste(fluid mixture) " is a mixture of flour and water etc., which is used either for making pastry for cooking, or for sticking things together like paper on walls etc. WHAT IS "PASTE", AND WHAT DO WE USE IT FOR? "Paste" is a mixture...
surowy, ścisły
commencer à apprendre
strict, Another meaning of the word "strict" is "exact". "What you say is not strictly true"
WHY MUST DISCIPLINE IN THE ARMY BE VERY STRICT? Discipline in the... because soldiers must be trained to behave, not as individuals, but as one solid mass. For this reason the individual's personal wishes have to be strictly controlled.
nie słuchać, być nieposłusznym
commencer à apprendre
disobey
He must be so conditioned to taking orders that, in the heat of battle, he will be more afraid of disobeying an order than he will of the enemy, and will behave not as an individual, but as part of a body ... etc.
zemsta
commencer à apprendre
revenge WHAT DO WE MEAN BY THE EXPRESSION "REVENGE IS SWEET"?
By the expression ... that, when we have been wronged by somebody it is very pleasant and satisfying to repay the wrong, or in other words to get our revenge against him; although of course, it is not very civilized.
nurkować
commencer à apprendre
dive
roztropny
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ADVISABLE
IS IT ADVISABLE TO DIVE INTO SHALLOW WATER? No, it isnt advisable to. WHY NOT?/ Because you'd hit your head on the bottom, perhaps drown ... etc
komitet
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committee A committee is a group of people appointed to attend to some kind of special business.
Usually this group is appointed by some larger group, to which it belongs. For example, we have university committees, trade-union committees, parliamentary committees, and so on.
kaszel
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a cough
WHAT AM I DOING?/ You're coughing
skręcić, zwinąć
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TWIST
WHAT AM I PRETENDING TO DO?/ You're pretending to twist a piece of paper in your hands, perhaps so that it can be used to get a light from a fire
w czyimś smaku; guście
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TO ONE'S TASTE
IN A RESTAURANT, WHEN THE FOOD IS EITHER NOT GOOD ENOUGH OR NOT TO YOUR TASTE, DO YOU CALL THE WAITER AND COMPLAIN, OR DO YOU JUST STAY QUIET AND EAT WHAT YOU'RE GIVEN? In a restaurant, when the food ... I...
rdza, rdzewieć
commencer à apprendre
rust
WHAT HAPPENS TO IRON WHEN IT IS LEFT IN A DAMP ATMOSPHERE? When iron is left ... it rusts
cios, kreska, głaskać
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stroke WHICH WOULD CUT DEEPER INTO WOOD: A STROKE FROM A SWORD OR FROM AN AXE, AND WHY? A stroke from an axe would cut deeper, as an axe is heavier than a sword
HOW MANY STROKES OF THE PEN DOES IT TAKE TO FORM THE CAPITAL LETTER "N"?/ ... three ... WHY DOES A CAT LIKE TO BE STROKED? ... it is said that it probably reminds it of when it used to be cleaned by its mother's tongue...
ryk
commencer à apprendre
roar
WHAT KIND OF NOISE DOES A LION MAKE? The kind of noise ... is a roaring noise
przelotny deszcz
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RAIN SHOWER, WHAT DO WE MEAN BY A RAIN SHOWER? By a rain shower we mean a very short period of rain
zbocze, stok
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slope
WILL A CAR STAND STILL ON A SLIGHT SLOPE WITHOUT ITS BRAKES ON? / No, a car won't stand ... WHAT HAPPENS TO IT? It begins to slide (or roll) slowly down the slope
stromy
commencer à apprendre
steep
AND IF THE SLOPE IS VERY STEEP WHAT HAPPENS? If the slope is ... the car gathers speed and probably finishes up by crashing into something and causing a fairly serious accident
herb
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COAT OF ARMS
A coat of arms is a design, generally in the shape of a shield, used by a noble family, a town or a university etc. as its symbol. WHAT'S A COAT OF ARMS? A coat of arms is a...
krwawić (3 formy)
commencer à apprendre
bleed – bled – bled
WHAT DO WE MEAN WHEN WE SAY THAT SOMEBODY BLEEDS TO DEATH?/ When we say that... we mean that, being so badly injured or wounded, they lose so much blood that they die
pluć (3 formy)
commencer à apprendre
spit – spat – spat
IS IT FORBIDDEN TO SPIT IN THE STREETS IN THIS COUNTRY? Yes, it's forbidden ... or... No, it isn't...
czesać
commencer à apprendre
to comb
HOW MANY TIMES A DAY DO YOU COMB YOUR HAIR? I comb my hair about... a day
wymazać
commencer à apprendre
RUB OUT
WHAT DO WE USE RUBBER FOR? We use rubber for making car or bicycle tyres etc., and for rubbing out mistakes if we are working in pencil...
świt, brzask
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dawn, DAYBREAK
Next morning at daybreak/ they came across/ some of the natives/ of the island - /
atramentowy
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inky
strangelooking people/ with feathers in their hair;/ one of them/ with an inky black monkey/ on one shoulder,/ which was tearing at a small bunch/ of bananas/ the native was holding in his hand./
pas/ talia
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waist
The sailors' ship/ had been wrecked/ near the shore of the island,/ and they managed to walk/ to the land/ in the pale light/ of a silvery moon,/ as the water was only/ waist deep./
zawiązać
commencer à apprendre
tie up
WHAT DO WE USE RIBBON FOR? We use ribbon for tying up presents. A girl uses it to tie up her hair, and we also use it in a typewriter
coś, rzecz, rzeczy
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stuff The word "stuff' we use for anything liquid or solid, raw or manufactured, and especially anything for which we cannot think of the name at the moment of speaking.
For example, in a shop we might say "I wonder if you have any of that stuff used for fixing glass in a window?"
piec, piekarnik
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roast, oven
HOW DO WE ROAST MEAT? ... by holding it before or over a fire, or by putting it in an oven
tułów, pień, kufer, trąba, bagażnik (US)
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trunk WHAT DO WE CALL THE MAIN PART OF THE BODY, THAT IS, THE BODY WITHOUT HEAD, ARMS OR LEGS? We call the main ... the trunk CONSEQUENTLY, WHAT IS A TREE TRUNK? / A tree trunk is the main part or body of a tree WHAT DO WE MEAN BY A
TRUNK USED FOR TRAVELLING? By a trunk used ... we mean a large, strong box (often wooden) in which we put the main part of our clothing when we travel. We usually send it on to our destination separately, whilst we ourselves just travel with a suitcase.
szosa główna
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trunk road
The word "trunk" therefore we generally use for the main part of anything. For example, a trunk-road is a main road, whilst a trunk-call on the telephone is a longdistance call. We also call an elephant's nose a trunk
muszla, skorupa
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shell
WHAT DO WE CALL THE OUTER COVERING OF AN EGG OR A NUT? We call the outer... the shell
siać
commencer à apprendre
sow – sowed – sowed (or sow – sowed – sown)
AT WHAT TIME OF THE YEAR DOES THE FARMER SOW HIS WHEAT SEED IN YOUR COUNTRY-AND HOW DOES HE SOW IT?/ The fanner sows his ... in ... - and he sows it... by machine...
pakować/owijać, zapakować/zawijać
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wrap, wrap up
WHAT AM I DOING? You're wrapping ... WHAT DO WE USE TO WRAP UP A PARCEL? We use cardboard, paper, string etc. to wrap up a parcel DO YOU WRAP UP WELL WHEN YOU GO OUT IN COLD WEATHER?/ Yes, I wrap up ... or... No, I don't...
łapówka
commencer à apprendre
bribe
IF YOU WERE IN A HIGH POSITION, WOULD YOU ACCEPT BRIBES? Yes, if I were in ... or... No, if I were...
grozić
commencer à apprendre
to threaten (to do)
WHAT AM I DOING? You're threatening to hit somebody with your hand HAS ANYBODY EVER THREATENED YOU WITH A KNIFE OR A GUN? Yes, somebody has ... or... No, nobody has ever...
groźba, pogróżka
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threat
ACCORDING TO THE LAW IN YOUR COUNTRY, DO YOU KNOW IF A THREAT IS CONSIDERED AS SERIOUS AS AN ACTUAL DEED?-IN OTHER WORDS, IF A MAN THREATENS TO KILL ANOTHER MAN, DOES A COURT OF LAW CONSIDER THAT AS SERIOUS AS IF THE MAN HAD ACTUALLY COMMITTED THE DEED?
klatka piersiowa, skrzynia
commencer à apprendre
chest
WHERE ARE THE HEART AND LUNGS SITUATED IN THE BODY?/ The heart and lungs are situated in the chest... A chest is also a large, strong box, usually made of wood, which we use for storing things in, like clothes, tools, medicine, money etc.
szuflada
commencer à apprendre
drawer
komoda
commencer à apprendre
chest of drawers
A chest of drawers is a chest with drawers in it. It is usually a piece of furniture in which we keep clothes. WHAT'S ANOTHER MEANING OF THE WORD "CHEST"; AND WHAT IS A CHEST OF DRAWERS? Another meaning of... is"a large, strong ...", whilst a chest ofd...
plon(uprawa), zbiór
commencer à apprendre
crop
WHAT KIND OF CROPS DO THEY GROW WHERE YOU LIVE?/ The kind of crops ... are...
zapas, zaopatrywać, typowy
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stock
The word "stock" means "a store of goods", but when used as an adjective, it means "regular, normal, usual" etc. DO MEN'S CLOTHES SHOPS SOMETIMES STOCK WOMEN'S CLOTHES AS WELL; AND VICE VERSA?/ Yes, men's clothes shops ... or ... No, men's...
w zapasie
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in stock
SUPPOSING A PERSON IS STOCK SIZE AND HE GOES TO BUY CLOTHES FROM A SHOP, DO YOU THINK HE'S MORE LIKELY TO FIND HIS SIZE IN STOCK THAN IF HE WERE AN EXCEPTIONALLY BIG PERSON OR AN EXCEPTIONALLY SMALL PERSON? Yes, supposing a person is ... I think...
zapas wyczerpany
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out of stock
WHAT'S THE OPPOSITE OF "IN STOCK"? The opposite ... "out of stock"
leczyć, kurować, lekarstwo
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cure
WHAT'S THE STOCK CURE FOR A HEADACHE OR FOR A COMMON COLD?/ The stock cure for a headache is to lie down and take a pill, whilst for a cold it is to go to bed and take medicine...
typowy samochód
commencer à apprendre
typical/stock car
Stock-car racing is racing in which the kind of car that is used is not a special racing car but basically a normal car made for the road.
miedź, miedziak
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copper
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY COPPER-COLOURED HAIR? By copper-coloured hair we mean hair which is the colour of copper; that is, a reddish brown colour
łopata
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a spade
WHAT DO WE USE A SPADE FOR?/ We use a spade for digging
mosiądz
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brass
WHAT COLOUR'S BRASS? Brass is a yellowish golden colour
wiadro, kubeł
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bucket
WHAT DO WE USE A BUCKET FOR? We use a bucket for carrying water, sand and so on in
mechaniczny
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mechanical
WHAT DO WE MEAN WHEN WE SAY WE DO SOMETHING IN A MECHANICAL MANNER? When we say we ... we mean we do it as if we were a machine, or were like a machine; in other words, without thinking about what we're doing
przełącznik
commencer à apprendre
switch
George touched the light switch/ and got a shock/ from the electric current.
schronienie
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shelter WHAT IS A SHELTER?
A shelter is a small construction, built for protection against the weather. For example, at a bus stop we might find a small construction of some kind which shelters us from the wind and rain whilst we are waiting for a bus. This is called a bus shelter
szerokość
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BREADTH / width
WHAT'S THE NOUN OF THE WORD "BROAD"? The noun of... is breadth...
tobołek, wiązka
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bundle
A bundle is a number of articles or objects fastened together. For example, a bundle of sticks, or a bundle of clothes./
byle jak, jakkolwiek
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anyhow Three examples of the use of the word "anyhow" are as follows:-
1) Anyhow, you must admit he's a bit of a fool (meaning "in any case, at least"). 2) He's such a careless worker, he does things just anyhow ("carelessly"). 3) I've tried very hard, but I can't get it to work anyhow ("in any way whatever").
dom na wsi, chata
commencer à apprendre
cottage
WHAT IS A COTTAGE? A cottage is generally thought of as a small house in the country
smak
commencer à apprendre
flavour
WHAT'S YOUR FAVOURITE FLAVOUR OF ICE-CREAM? My favourite ... is...
zaciągnąć zasłony
commencer à apprendre
draw the curtains
WHEN AND WHY DO PEOPLE DRAW THEIR CURTAINS? People draw... when it's dark and when they switch their lights on, because they don't want people from outside to see into their room...
futro
commencer à apprendre
fur
"Fur" is the thick, soft hair of animals like that on a cat. WHAT IS "FUR"? "Fur" is the...
pasek (np. zegarka), przypinać
commencer à apprendre
strap (e.g. watch) A strap is a strip of leather or some such material.
We use a strap, for example, for a wrist-watch. WHAT'S A STRAP, AND WHAT DO WE USE IT FOR?/ A strap is a... and we use... WHY DO PEOPLE STRAP THEMSELVES INTO A CAR? People strap ... so that if there is an accident, they will not be thrown about... etc.
zegarek na rękę
commencer à apprendre
WRIST-WATCH
wciągać, ssać
commencer à apprendre
suck
WHAT AM I DOING? You're sucking your thumb, or the end of your pen AT ABOUT WHAT AGE DO CHILDREN USUALLY STOP SUCKING THEIR THUMBS ?/
los
commencer à apprendre
fate
By fate we mean that the events of our lives are not controlled or determined by ourselves, no matter how hard we try, but by some power beyond ourselves...
jak gdyby
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AS THOUGH (OR, AS IF)
przeznaczenie
commencer à apprendre
destiny
Napoleon believed in fate, or destiny. Probably because his life was so eventful, and the events so extraordinary, with so much depending on mere chance, that it must have seemed to him as though he were in the hands of fate.
w międzyczasie
commencer à apprendre
In the meantime
GIVE ME A SENTENCE WITH THE WORD "MEANTIME". If, in the meantime, it starts to rain, we shan't go
procent, odsetek
commencer à apprendre
percentage
WHAT PERCENTAGE OF THE POPULATION DO YOU THINK SMOKES? I think about... per cent of...
procent
commencer à apprendre
per cent
zamiatać (3 formy)
commencer à apprendre
SWEEP - SWEPT - SWEPT
WHAT DO WE SWEEP THE FLOOR WITH?/ We sweep ... a broom
połykać
commencer à apprendre
to swallow
WHAT'S THE DANGER OF LETTING A BABY SUCK THINGS, LIKE COINS AND OTHER BITS OF METAL? The danger of... is that it might swallow them
uncja, funt, kamień, cetnar, tona
commencer à apprendre
ounce(oz.), pound(lb.), stone(st.), hundredweight, ton
16 OUNCES = 1 Pound (453.6 grams) 14 POUNDS = 1 Stone 8 STONES = 1 Hundredweight 20 HUNDREDWEIGHTS = 1 Ton HUNDREDWEIGHT (cwt.) cetnar = 112 funtów
próchnieć
commencer à apprendre
decay
WHAT HAPPENS IF YOU NEGLECT TO CLEAN YOUR TEETH EACH DAY?/ If you neglect... they will decay...
tempo, stawka
commencer à apprendre
rate
AT WHAT RATE DO YOU THINK THE AVERAGE PERSON WALKS? I think the... at about 4 miles (about 6.5 kilometres) per hour perhaps
cierpliwość
commencer à apprendre
patience
DO YOU AGREE THAT PATIENCE IS A VIRTUE? Yes, I agree that... or... No, I don't... ARE YOU PATIENT? Yes, I'm ... or... No, I'm not... HAVE YOU EVER BEEN A PATIENT IN A HOSPITAL? Yes, I've been ... or ... No, I've never...
pożywienie, przekąska
commencer à apprendre
refreshment HOW DOES ONE REFRESH ONESELF?/ One refreshes oneself by eating, sleeping and drinking WHAT DO WE MEAN BY REFRESHMENTS?
By refreshments we mean food and drink WHAT ARE THE REFRESHMENTS LIKE IN THE REFRESHMENT ROOM AT THE STATION OF YOUR HOME TOWN? The refreshments in the refreshment room at... are ... quite good...
pauza, przerwa
commencer à apprendre
pause
DO YOU LIKE PEOPLE WHO GO ON TALKING WITHOUT A PAUSE FOR HOURS AND HOURS?/ Yes, I like ... or ... No, I don't... or... I don't mind ... if they are interesting
klejnot, kamień
commencer à apprendre
JEWEL
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY THE CROWN JEWELS OF ENGLAND? By the Crown Jewels ... we mean the jewels which belong to the monarch and which are kept for safety in the Tower of London
zachwycony, uszczęśliwiony
commencer à apprendre
delighted
WHAT KIND OF WORK DELIGHTS YOU MOST? The kind of work which... is...
nieobecność
commencer à apprendre
absence
WHAT DOES IT MEAN: "ABSENCE MAKES THE HEART GROW FONDER"? "Absence makes ..." means that, if we don't see a person for some time, we feel more fond of him ... DO YOU AGREE? Yes, I agree ... or... No, I don't agree...
absolutnie, oczywiście
commencer à apprendre
absolutely
IS THERE ANYTHING YOU'RE ABSOLUTELY SURE OF, BESIDES DEATH? Yes, there's something ... or ... No, there isn't... WHAT?
kręgosłup
commencer à apprendre
spine, backbone
WHAT'S THE BACKBONE? The backbone is the bone that runs down the middle of the back WHAT DO WE MEAN WHEN WE SAY THAT A MAN HAS NO BACKBONE?/ When we say... we mean that he is weak in character and has no courage...
kalkulować
commencer à apprendre
calculate
WHAT DO WE MEAN WHEN WE SAY SOMEONE IS CALCULATING? When we say... we mean he has little feeling for others, or that he calculates and plans everything in advance...
transport morski
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shipping
WHAT IS A CANAL? WHAT IS IT USED FOR? AND NAME A FAMOUS CANAL. A canal is a sort of man-made river used for shipping. A famous canal is the Panama Canal (or the Suez Canal)
kapitał
commencer à apprendre
capital
WHAT DO WE MEAN WHEN WE TALK ABOUT CAPITAL FOR STARTING A BUSINESS?/ When we talk... we mean the money required in order to rent a place (office, shop etc.), furnish it, pay for advertising ... etc.
naśladować
commencer à apprendre
imitate
WHY DO CHILDREN IMITATE THEIR PARENTS? Children imitate ... because it's a natural way of learning, and children like to pretend that they too are grown up...
ogromny, niezmierny
commencer à apprendre
immense DO YOU THINK ITS RIGHT THAT CERTAIN PEOPLE SHOULD BE ALLOWED TO POSSESS IMMENSE PERSONAL WEALTH?
Yes, I think it's ... or... No, I don't... DO YOU THINK YOUR OPINION WOULD CHANGE IF YOU YOURSELF SUDDENLY CAME INTO POSSESSION OF IMMENSE PERSONAL WEALTH?/ Yes, I think my ... or... No, I don't think...
zdobyć kwalifikacje
commencer à apprendre
qualify
HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE A PERSON TO QUALIFY AS A DOCTOR? It takes a person about... years to...
ofiara, poświęcenie
commencer à apprendre
sacrifice
WHAT'S THE BIGGEST SACRIFICE YOU'VE EVER MADE IN YOUR LIFE? The biggest sacrifice I've ... was...
święty
commencer à apprendre
sacred
WHICH ANIMAL'S SACRED IN INDIA? The cow is sacred in India
zmniejszać, skrócić
commencer à apprendre
LESSEN
WHY DID PEOPLE IN THE OLD DAYS MAKE SACRIFICES TO THE GODS?/ People in the... to thank them; to lessen the anger of the gods, etc.
natychmiastowy, moment, rozpuszczalny
commencer à apprendre
instant
DO YOU ANSWER LETTERS THE INSTANT YOU RECEIVE THEM, OR DO YOU WAIT A DAY OR TWO?/ I answer... or... I wait...
ozdoba
commencer à apprendre
ornament
DO YOU BELIEVE THAT EVERY PIECE OF FURNITURE IN A ROOM SHOULD HAVE A USE, OR DO YOU BELIEVE THAT CERTAIN PIECES CAN BE PURELY ORNAMENTAL? I believe that
odkrywać, badać
commencer à apprendre
explore
DO YOU BELIEVE THAT ONE DAY MAN WILL BE ABLE TO EXPLORE THE WHOLE OF THE UNIVERSE? Yes, I believe that... or... No, I don't...
różnica, rozróżnienie
commencer à apprendre
distinction
Patriotism and nationalism often appear similar in meaning, but perhaps we could make a distinction by saying that patriotism is more the love of one's country, whilst nationalism is often the hatred of another country.
zbieranie owoców
commencer à apprendre
fruit-picking
The difference BETWEEN A PERMANENT JOB AND A TEMPORARY ONE is that a permanent job is one that can last for years, like that of an office-clerk, whilst a temporary job is just for a short period of time, like fruit-picking during harvest time...
pozwalać, zezwalać
commencer à apprendre
permit
HOW OLD MUST A PERSON BE BEFORE HE'S LEGALLY PERMITTED TO DRIVE A CAR, BUY CIGARETTES, OR DRINK ALCOHOL IN THIS COUNTRY?/ A person must be... DO YOU THINK THAT'S REASONABLE? Yes, I think that's... or... No, I don't...
pozwolenie, zezwolenie
commencer à apprendre
permit, permission
WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE IN PRONUNCIATION BETWEEN "PERMIT" USED AS A VERB AND "PERMIT" USED AS A NOUN? The difference... is that, as a verb, the stress is on the second syllable, whilst as a noun, it's on the first
wstęp
commencer à apprendre
admission
DO YOU THINK THAT ADMISSION TO MUSEUMS, ART GALLERIES ETC., OUGHT TO BE FREE AND THAT THE GOVERNMENT SHOULD PAY TO MAINTAIN SUCH PLACES?/ Yes, I think that... or... No, I don't...
słupek, pal, biegun, Polak, Polka
commencer à apprendre
pole
WHAT WAS THE OLD SIGN FOR A BARBER'S SHOP? The old sign ... was a red and white striped pole which was hung outside the barber's shop
wdzięczny, pełen wdzięku
commencer à apprendre
grateful
WHICH DO YOU THINK'S THE MOST GRACEFUL ANIMAL IN ITS MOVEMENTS? I think the ... is the most... WHAT DO WE MEAN BY "THE GRACE OF GOD"? By "the grace of God" we mean that God will favour us and give us what we wish...
wolność
commencer à apprendre
liberty
WHERE'S THE STATUE OF LIBERTY? The statue of... is at the entrance of New York harbour
pochodnia, latarka
commencer à apprendre
torch, torch/flashlight
It's a huge statue of a woman representing freedom, which was given to America by France. In one hand Liberty holds a lighted torch...
kusić
commencer à apprendre
tempt WHAT'S THE CLASSIC WAY OF TEMPTING A DONKEY TO MOVE? The classic way of... is by tying a carrot onto the end of a piece of string, then tying the other end of the string onto the end of a stick, and hanging the carrot just in front of the
donkey's nose so that he is tempted to move forward to take it. As the stick's tied to the donkey's own back, the carrot will move forward with the donkey, and so the donkey has to move forward again and again and, of course, he never reaches the carrot
stanowczość, stałość, jędrność
commencer à apprendre
firmness
His cheeks had become hollow/ and the flesh on his face/ had lost its firmness./
bat, bicz, biczować, smagać, ubijać(śmietanę)
commencer à apprendre
whip
The chief of the tribe/ ordered the men to be whipped/ for their shameful behaviour./ Some begged for mercy,/ but the chief would not yield./
nadmiernie związany
commencer à apprendre
over-fond
The court blamed the accident and the prisoner's rudeness, on the fact that the prisoner was over-fond of drink.

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