Angielski test

A device for converting audio or visual signals

Receiver

A long, narrow, open container, usually U- shaped

Parabolic

A shallow concave vessel, round in shape like a plate

Dish

An object that throws back light

Reflector

An electronic device that changes DC into AC current

Inventer

A shallow concave vessel, round in shape like a plate

Dish

Changed into

Converted

Due to the lack of ........, the riverbed was almost dry.

Precipitation

Falownik

inverter

Electricity that reverses direction at regular intervals

Alternating current

Electricity that flows in only one direction

Direct current

Formed by lines or forming a line

Linear

Here: household electrical devices

Appliances

Houses with PV systems are always connected to the grid.

are sometimes

Koncentratory słoneczne

Solar concentrators

Linearny

Linear

Ogniwa słoneczne

Solar cells

Licznik

Utility meter

Odbiornik

Receiver

Krystaliczne wafle krzemowe

Crystalline Silicon Wafers

Nadmiar wyeksportowany

Surplus exported

Panele fotowoltaiczne

Photovoltaic panels

Power grid/ electricity network

Utility/mains

Przepływ energii

Enectricity flow

Prąd zmienny

Alternating current

Reflektor/zwierciadło

Reflector/mirror

Soczewki Fresnela

Fresnel lenses

Solar photovoltaic panels focus the Sun’s energy on a heat receiver which changes it into mechanical energy, then transformed into thermal electricity.

solar concentrators

Szereg

Array

Solar concentrators are built of cells which contain a semiconductor material.

Panels

Rynna

Trough

Półprzewodnik

semiconductor

Przewody

mains

Produce direct current (DC) which is converted to alternating current (AC) by an inverter so it can be used by appliances in the home

Photovoltaic panels

Paraboliczny

Parabolic

Photovoltaics (PV) cannot convert light directly into electricity.

Can

Przekształcony

Converted

Prąd stały

DC current

Rainfall plays a crucial role in the ........ cycle. Without it, no water would collect upstream.

Hydrologic

Sieć energetyczna

Utility/mains

Szkło powiększające

Magnifying glass

Talerz (antena)

Dish (antenna)

The ... around the tower are focused on the tank of the heat collector, which makes it very hot.

Mirrors

The bigger the dam, the bigger its

Hydraulic head

The function of the generator is to convert the ........ energy into ........ energy.

mechanical/electric

The fishing area should be located ........ the river. The water is deeper over there.

Downstream

The electricity produced in the generator finally feeds the

Grid

The high pressure steam produced in the heat exchanger drives the ........ which produces electricity.

steam turbine generator

The higher the dam, the bigger the ........ head is and, consequently, the more powerful the ........ plant.

hydraulic/hydropower

The salt in the ........ melts around 200 degrees Celsius and is pumped up the tower.

cool salt tank

The ........ must have been blocked because no water was coming out of them.

tailraces

........ energy of the water in the penstock is changed into ........ energy.

gravitational/kinetic

The steam then goes to the ........ where it is turned back into water.

condenser

Then the molten salt goes down the tower and is stored in the perfectly insulated ........

hot salt tank

Types of solar concentrators

Linear Fresnel reflectors Parabolic troughs Parabolic dish Central receiver/Heliostats

Up the tower, in the ........ the salt is heated up to 650 degrees C.

heat collector

When electricity is needed, the salt leaves the hot salt tank and goes through the ........ where it boils.

heat exchanger

We could see the blades of the huge turbine did not ........ as they were supposed to. They did it much too slowly.

spin

Urządzenia

Appliances

a large pipe delivering water from the reservoir to the turbine. Water builds up pressure as it flows through this pipe and its gravitational potential changes into kinetic energy

penstock

bezobsługowy

maintenance free

connected to the turbine by shafts. It starts to spin when the turbine turns and changes its mechanical power into electric energy (giant magnets inside the generator rotate past copper coils, producing alternating current by moving electrons)

generator

holds back water and stores energy in a reservoir (often used as a recreational lake e.g. for water sports)

a dam

generator

generator

elektrownia wodna

hydropower plant

in the direction of the river’s mouth

downstream

kanal odprowadzajacy wode

penstock

kanał odprowadzający wodę/ kanał odpływowy

tailrace

mniej

fewer

located in the powerhouse. It converts the AC (alternating current) to higher voltage current

transformer

koryto rzeki

riverbed

namierzanie

tracking

obiekty elektrowni wodnej

hydropower facilities

obracać, krążyć

rotate

odzyskać energię

recoup the energy

odpływ

outflow

obwód

circuit

ogniwa słoneczne

solar cells

podpałka

kindling

prąd o wyższym napięciu

higher voltage current

oslona

powerhouse

podstawowe składniki

basic components

półprzewodnik

semiconductor

pipelines taking water away

tailraces

pożądane napięcia

desired voltages

rainfall

precipitation

skupiać

focus

moc szczytowa

peak power

transformator

transformer

obracać

spin

wal korbowy

shaft

zamiana

conversion

zasilac

feed the grid

zwoje miedziane

copper coils

Odnawialne źródło energii

Renewable energy source

sluza

control gate

zbiornik

reservoir

tama

dam

wlot

intake

water strikes and spins the large blades of a turbine, which converts its kinetic energy into mechanical one

turbine

turbina

turbine

the distance that the water falls from the reservoir surface to the turbines

hydraulic head

spadek hydrauliczny

hydraulic head

siec energetyczna

power lines

rozproszone światło

scattered light

soczewki powiększające

magnifying lens

waha się

fluctuates

zamontowane

mounted

pochylenie się

bending

scisla wiazka

tight beam

Wymiennik ciepła

Heat Exanchnger

Kolektor ciepła

Heat collector