ang unit 4

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fragmented
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Broken into smaller parts; lacking cohesion
displace
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To force something or someone out of its usual or original position
inject
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To introduce something new, often energy or ideas, into a system or situation
abandon
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To leave behind or give up on something
reposition
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To change the perception or place of something in the market or in people’s minds
consume
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To use up resources, energy, or goods
mainstay
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A key support or foundational part of something
lifespan
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The length of time something lasts or is functional
agile
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Able to move quickly and easily; adaptable in changing conditions
dedicated
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Devoted to a task, purpose, or cause
business landscape
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The overall environment in which businesses operate, including trends, competition, and regulations
digital transformation
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The integration of digital technology into all areas of a business
disruptive innovation
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A new development that significantly changes or replaces existing systems or markets
established companies
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Businesses that are well-known and have been operating successfully for a long time
game changers
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People or innovations that significantly alter the status quo
novel approach
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A new or original method for solving a problem
venture fund
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A pool of money used to invest in startups and high-risk companies
disrupt
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To radically change an industry or process, often by introducing something new
crunch time
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A critical period when a lot of effort is needed to meet a deadline
tap into
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To access or make use of a resource or opportunity
pitch in
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To contribute effort or help with a task
off the wall
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Unusual, unconventional, or unexpected
lagging behind
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Falling behind others in progress or performance
plough money into
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To invest a large amount of money into something, often a project or business
tiered
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Arranged in layers or levels
throws up
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Brings about or causes something unexpected
change curve concept
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A model describing how people typically react to significant changes over time
prevalent
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Widespread; commonly occurring
deploy
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To use or put into action strategically
contain
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To control or limit the extent of something
be subject to
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To be affected or governed by a condition, rule, or external force
be offset by
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To be balanced or compensated for by something else
pervasive
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Spread widely throughout an area or group
scrape data
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To extract data from websites or databases, often using automated tools
shake something to its core
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To cause a deep and fundamental disruption
long-standing debate
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A discussion or disagreement that has lasted a long time
advocate for something
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To publicly support or argue in favor of something
high tech
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Involving advanced technological innovation
embrace changes
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To accept and adapt to changes positively
put somebody in hot water
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To cause someone to get into trouble
regulatory measures
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Official rules or laws meant to control or govern behavior
mitigate risks
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To reduce the potential negative impact of a threat or danger
address issues
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To deal with or resolve problems or concerns
give rise to something
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To cause something to happen or emerge
apace
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At a fast or steady pace
payroll
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The list of employees and the money they are paid
to go it alone
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To act independently without help or partnership
bee's knees
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Something or someone outstanding or excellent (informal)
backfire
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To have an unintended and opposite effect from what was expected
a catch-22 situation
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A paradox where one cannot solve a problem because the solution depends on a situation that cannot occur
egoistical
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Self-centered and excessively focused on oneself
reality check
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A moment of clarity where one sees the truth of a situation
stem
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To stop or limit something from continuing or spreading
judgemental
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Quick to criticize or form opinions about others
blatantly
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Obviously and offensively, without trying to hide
admissible
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Acceptable or valid, especially as evidence in a legal context
reciprocate
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To return a gesture, feeling, or action in kind
downplay
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To make something seem less important or serious than it really is
deflect
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To avoid dealing with or responding directly to something
graciously
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In a kind, courteous, or considerate manner
to be frowned upon
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To be considered inappropriate or disapproved of by others
to miss out on sth
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To fail to benefit from something valuable or enjoyable
to talk sb up
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To speak positively about someone to increase their reputation
to wrap up
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To finish or conclude something
branch out
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To expand into new areas or activities
step down
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To resign or leave a position of authority
weigh up
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To consider all aspects before making a decision
push back
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To resist or delay a change or demand
bail out
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To provide financial help to prevent failure
go under
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To fail financially or collapse
pull out
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To withdraw from an activity, agreement, or location
zero in on
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To focus closely on something or someone
to humblebrag
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To boast while trying to appear modest
rock the boat
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To cause disruption or challenge the status quo
blow your own trumpet
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To boast about one’s achievements (UK expression)
elephant in the room
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An obvious problem or issue that people avoid discussing
down the drain
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Wasted or lost completely, especially resources or effort

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