1. Słówka

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constrict
1. The blood vessels constricted. 2. The tight collar was constricting his neck. / His creativity was constricted by the political regime he lived under.
verb - 1. to become narrower or tighter, or to make something narrower or tighter. 2. to press tightly. / to limit someone's freedom to do what they want to or be the way they want to.
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uciskać, zwężać
bother
1. Don't bother your father when he's working. 2. Sorry to bother you, but could you spare any change?
verb - to annoy someone by trying to get their attention when they do not want to see you or talk to you.
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zawracać głowę, niepokoić
humble
adj - You have plenty of ability but you’re too humble. / verb - She was humbled by the unexpected defeat.
adj - not having a high opinion of oneself etc. / verb - to make someone understand that they are not as important or special as they think they are.
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pokorny / uczyć pokory
humility
Despite his powerful position in the government, he was still a man of great humility.
noun - the quality of not being proud or not thinking that you are better than other people.
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pokora
stocky
A short, stocky man.
noun - having a wide, strong, body.
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krępy
leap - leapt - leapt
1. He leapt out of his car and ran towards the house. 2. She leapt over the wall and disappeared down the alley. / noun - 1. There was a big leap in profits last year. 2. He finished third in the long jump with a leap of 26 feet.
verb - 1. to suddenly move somewhere. 2. to jump somewhere. / noun - 1. a sudden improvement or increase. 2. a big jump.
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wyskoczyć, wskoczyć, zerwać się / skok
tribe
Native American tribes.
noun - a group of people who live together, usually in areas far away from cities, and who share the same culture and language and still have a traditional way of life.
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plemię
whip
noun - He carries a whip, but he would never use it on the horse. / verb - 1. He whipped the horse to make it go faster. 2. The criminals were whipped.
noun - a long piece of leather fixed to a handle and used to hit an animal or person. / verb - to hit a person or animal with a whip.
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bat, bicz / biczować
forge
noun - Steel is manufactured in a forge. / verb - He forged a horse-shoe out of an iron bar.
noun - a place where metal objects are made by heating and shaping metal. / verb - to shape metal by heating and hammering.
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kuźnia / wykuwać
stumble
Mary stumbled on the loose rocks.
verb - to strike the foot against something and lose one’s balance, or nearly fall.
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potknąć się
raze
The city was razed to the ground.
verb - completely destroy (a building, town or other site), especially by fire.
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zburzyć
gallant
A gallant soldier.
adj - brave.
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dzielny
obedience / obedient
noun, adj - He demanded complete obedience from his soldiers.
noun, adj - the quality of being willing to do what you are told to do.
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posłuszeństwo / posłuszny
rank
noun - 1. There’s a taxi rank just outside the station. 2. The officer ordered the front rank to fire. / verb - 1. I would rank him among our greatest writers. 2. Apes rank above dogs in intelligence.
noun - a line or row (especially of soldiers or taxis). / verb - to have, or give, a place in a group, according to importance.
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szereg, rząd, linia / zaliczać (się), być sklasyfikowanym, zaszeregować
subordinate
adj - a colonel is subordinate to a general. / noun - He was giving orders to one of his subordinates.
adj - lower in rank, power, importance etc. / noun - a person who is subordinate. / verb - to put someone or something into a less important position.
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podległy, podporządkowany / podwładny / podporządkować
puff
noun - A puff of wind moved the branches. / verb - 1. Stop puffing cigarette smoke into my face! 2. He was puffing as he climbed the stairs.
noun - a small blast of air, wind etc; a gust. / verb - 1. to smoke something. 2. to breathe quickly, after running etc.
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podmuch / dmuchać, sapać
inferior
1. I've never felt inferior to anyone. 2. The quality of this carpet is inferior to that one. / 1. Is a colonel inferior to a brigadier?
adj - 1. of poor, or poorer, quality etc. 2. lower in rank.
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gorszy, niższy
superior
adj - superior quality. / Is a captain superior to a commander in the navy? / noun - I will have to report this to my superiors.
adj - 1. better than other things. 2. (often with to) higher in rank, better, or greater, than. / noun - someone in a higher position than you at work.
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lepszy, wyższy (starszy rangą) / przełożony
derisive / derision
adj - derisive laughter.
adj - mocking; showing scorn. / noun - the opinion that someone or something is ridiculous and does not deserve respect.
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szyderczy / drwina, szyderstwo
sprout
The seeds I planted are just beginning to sprout.
cerb - If a plant sprouts, or if it sprouts something, it begins to produce leaves, flowers, etc.
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kiełkować
exclaim
verb - 1. ‘Good!’ he exclaimed. 2. ‘That’s amazing!” she exclaimed in astonishment.
verb - to say something suddenly and loudly because you are surprised, annoyed, excited, etc.
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zawołać
clink
verb - They clinked their glasses together. / noun - the clink of coins in his pocket.
verb - If pieces of glass or metal clink, they make a short ringing sound when they touch, and if you clink them, you make them do this. / noun - a ringing sound.
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brzęk / brzeknąć, pobrzękiwać
mitigate
He wanted to mitigate misery in the world.
verb - to reduce the harmful effects of something.
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załagodzić, łagodzić
permissible / allowable
It is not permissible to smoke inside the building.
adj - allowed by the rules.
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